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821 |
La raison, le langage et les normes
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Auroux, Sylvain. - : HAL CCSD, 1998. : Presses Universitaires de France, 1998
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In: https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00529142 ; Presses Universitaires de France, pp.352, 1998 (1998)
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822 |
Saber hablar y competencia comunicativa. Algunas consideraciones teóricas y didácticas de los saberes lingüísticos de Eugenio Coseriu
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828 |
Sprachförderung Erwachsener in plurinationalen und plurilingualen Staaten: Das Beispiel Spanien ...
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829 |
Sprachförderung Erwachsener in plurinationalen und plurilingualen Staaten: Das Beispiel Spanien
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In: Tertium comparationis 1 (1995) 1, S. 20-41 (1995)
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834 |
Pourquoi et comment j'ai écrit une grammaire raisonnée de l'anglais
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Denis Girard. - : Sèvres : Association des professeurs de langues des instituts universitaires de technologie (APLIUT), 1991. : PERSÉE : Université de Lyon, 1991. : CNRS & ENS de Lyon, 1991
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835 |
Measuring Lexical Style and Competence: The Type-Token Vocabulary Curve
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Abstract:
Includes bibliographical references. ; A personal computer is used to analyze samples from literary texts by thirteen different authors, including passages from Genesis, Hemingway, Longfellow, Jane Austen, Henry James, George Eliot, James Joyce, and Basic English (created by C. K. Ogden). The total number of words (tokens) and the number of distinct vocabulary words (types) are computed for each sample. The number of types are then plotted against the number of tokens for eight of the texts. From these type-token curves, inferences are drawn about both lexical style (vocabulary use) and lexical competence (vocabulary size). For example, the curves for "Big Two-Hearted River" and for a summary of Macbeth in Basic English nearly coincide for their first 1100 tokens, after which they gradually diverge. This graphical pattern corresponds with intuitions that Hemingway's prose reads much like Basic English but that it draws upon a larger total vocabulary. The curve for Joyce's Ulysses, by contrast, rises much more rapidly than that for a late passage from A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man; however, after 800 tokens, the two curves begin to converge. This suggests that the difference between Ulysses and Portrait is largely one of lexical style rather than competence. The highest type-token curve for the samples tested was that for Finnegans Wake; the lowest curve was for Genesis. Comparison with type-token statistics gathered by Kucera and Francis suggests that the curves for the Wake and Genesis are near the maxima and minima for English literature.
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Keyword:
lexical style; linguistic competence; linguistic style; Type and token (Linguistics); type-token vocabulary ratios
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URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10355/464
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836 |
Familienmigration, Schulsituation und interethnische Beziehungen. Prozesse der "Integration" bei der Zweiten Generation von Arbeitsmigranten ...
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837 |
Familienmigration, Schulsituation und interethnische Beziehungen. Prozesse der "Integration" bei der Zweiten Generation von Arbeitsmigranten
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In: Zeitschrift für Pädagogik 35 (1989) 3, S. 317-336 (1989)
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839 |
Sprachstandserhebung zur Förderung ausländischer Grundschüler ... : The assessment of the second language proficiency of foreignelementary school children as a basis for special tutoring ...
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840 |
Sprachstandserhebung zur Förderung ausländischer Grundschüler ; The assessment of the second language proficiency of foreignelementary school children as a basis for special tutoring
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In: Unterrichtswissenschaft 15 (1987) 2, S. 224-249 (1987)
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