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Effectively teaching cultural competence in healthcare education
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Abstract:
INTRODUCTION: According to current census projections, by the year 2050 racial and ethnic minority groups will make up over half of the United States population. With the rise of a more multicultural and diverse population, there has been growing concern with regards to the health disparities and how healthcare professionals can increase positive healthcare outcomes. In an effort to contend with the growing population, the subsequent disparities that will be faced by a more diverse population, and the difficulties many healthcare practitioner’s will encounter while communicating and working with this population group, many healthcare educators have turned their attention to training and educating the next generation of healthcare providers on the practice of cultural competence. For many institutions, however, there is still uncertainty over the most effective means for teaching cultural competence throughout the healthcare curriculum. Data collected from a 2017-2020 study conducted at Boston University in the M.S. in Oral Health Sciences Program, a credential enhancing program for predental students with the aim of providing students with admission into an accredited dental institution, evaluates an effective mechanism for training healthcare professionals in cultural competence skills. This study hypothesizes that one effective and powerful tool for teaching the next generation of health professionals to be culturally competent providers is through role-playing, case-based, simulated exercises which emphasize the importance of the provider patient relationship, holistic approaches to healthcare, and compassion when working with patients. METHODS: A course session was created in an Evidence Based Dentistry Course within the M.S. in Oral Health Sciences Program. From 2017-2019 the course session was composed of three parts: a role-playing enactment of two patient case-based encounters, a real-time class group discussion following both patient encounters, and a PowerPoint presentation emphasizing the key take-away points from the role-playing exercise. At the conclusion of the session, students were asked to participate in a post-session survey regarding the student’s feelings about the session. In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a switch in course session modality in the Evidence Based Dentistry course to an online format, prompted a change in the session format. In 2020, students were asked to read both patient encounters on their own, reflect, discuss, and comment on the learning platform Blackboard Learn discussion board on their takeaways from the case, and participate in PowerPoint presentation presented by facilitators. At the conclusion of the 2020 session, students were asked to complete a post-session survey on the effectiveness of the session. In addition to qualitative data obtained from the post-session surveys, in 2020, student discussion board posts were coded and analyzed qualitatively using the coding software NVivo 12 to determine whether students understood the important takeaways from the discussion board portion of the session. RESULTS: According to results from the course session implemented from 2017-2019, overall, the role-playing exercise significantly improved participants understanding of key components of cultural competence. From 2017-2019 students were strongly able to identify the importance of communication in patient encounters, were able to understand the strategies such as communication and compassion in patient encounters, were better able to identify the importance of building a trusting patient -physician relationship, and most importantly, students were able to recognize their own cultural biases when treating patients. Results from 2020, revealed that even with a change in course modality and format to a discussion board format, students were still able to understand the key take-aways of cultural competence from the session. DISCUSSION: This study reveals that students were able to understand cultural competence after completion of both iterations of the course session from 2017-2019 & 2020 and that this session can be an effective method for training the next generation of healthcare professionals the practice of cultural competence. While this study provides insight into the future of cultural competence training, it is important to recognize that more studies must be conducted to provide additional answers to several questions about the most effective mechanism for teaching cultural competence, what to teach in cultural competence education, and when to begin training students the practice of cultural competence.
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Keyword:
Case-studies; Cultural competence; Culturally competent care; Curriculum development; Healthcare curriculum; Simulation based
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URL: https://hdl.handle.net/2144/43838
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Intercultural Competence Predicts Intercultural Effectiveness: Test of an Integrative Framework
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In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; Volume 19; Issue 8; Pages: 4490 (2022)
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Cultural Competence and the Role of the Patient’s Mother Tongue: An Exploratory Study of Health Professionals’ Perceptions
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In: Societies; Volume 12; Issue 2; Pages: 53 (2022)
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XORIJIY TILLARNI O’QITISHDA MADANIYATLARARO MULOQOTNI SHAKLLANTIRISH AHAMIYATI ... : THE IMPORTANCE OF FORMING INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING ...
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Teachers' Perceptions of Cultural Contents in English Language Textbooks Used in Multicultural Classrooms at a Thai Primary School
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In: ASEAS - Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies ; 14 ; 2 ; 227-241 ; Multicultural Lingual and Multicultural Education (2022)
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Promoting English movie as a means of enhancing EFL learners’ cultural competence
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In: Journal of Applied Linguistics and Literature, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 186-201 (2022) (2022)
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Unveiling American values using sitcoms
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In: Porta Linguarum: revista internacional de didáctica de las lenguas extranjeras, ISSN 1697-7467, Nº. 37, 2022, pags. 89-104 (2022)
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| 8 |
«Call me by my name»: Language issues in counsellors’ cultural competence with gender non-conforming people
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ТЕКСТ В ФОРМИРОВАНИИ У ШКОЛЬНИКОВ ПРЕДМЕТНЫХ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЙ ПРИ ОБУЧЕНИИ РУССКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ ... : TEXT IN THE FORMATION OF STUDENTS' SUBJECT COMPETENCIES IN TEACHING THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE ...
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Черепанова Лариса Витальевна. - : Вестник Пермского государственного гуманитарно-педагогического университета. Серия № 1. Психологические и педагогические науки, 2021
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ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ЭМОТИВНОЙ ЯЗЫКОВОЙ КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ У ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ НЕЯЗЫКОВЫХ СПЕЦИАЛЬНОСТЕЙ ... : PROBLEM OF EMOTIVE LANGUAGE COMPETENCE FORMATION WITH STUDENTS OF NON-LINGUISTIC SPECIALITIES ...
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Е.П. Курникова. - : Иностранные языки в контексте межкультурной коммуникации, 2021
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МЕЖКУЛЬТУРНАЯ КОММУНИКАЦИЯ КАК ОСНОВА ДЛЯ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ИНОСТРАННЫХ ЯЗЫКОВ ... : INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION AS A BASIS FOR STUDYING FOREIGN LANGUAGES ...
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О.В. Кисель. - : Иностранные языки в контексте межкультурной коммуникации, 2021
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АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ КАЗАХСТАНСКОГО ПЕРЕВОДОВЕДЕНИЯ ... : TOPICAL ISSUES OF KAZAKHSTAN TRANSLATION ...
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Translating genomic education materials into languages other than English: A scoping review protocol ...
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| 14 |
Online or onsite? Comparison of the relative merit of delivery format of Aboriginal cultural-awareness-training to undergraduate chiropractic students
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In: Research outputs 2014 to 2021 (2021)
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| 15 |
Cross-Cultural Pragmatic Competence in an EFL Context for a Sustainable Learning Environment: A Case of Northern Cyprus
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In: Sustainability ; Volume 13 ; Issue 18 (2021)
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| 16 |
Cultural appropriation – (k)ein Thema für die Fremdsprachendidaktik?
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| 17 |
Supporting Success: Learning Assistance for Adult-Arrival Immigrant Students
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In: Journal of Developmental Education, 2020, Vol. 43, No. 3, pp. 12-19. (2021)
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| 18 |
Problematizing "planning ahead": a cross-cultural analysis of Vietnamese health and community workers' perspectives on Advance Care Directives
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| 19 |
Native and Non-native English-speaking Doctoral Students' Strategies to Understand Idiomatics in Comics and Comic Strips
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In: Graduate Theses and Dissertations (2021)
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| 20 |
The specifics of creating foreign language environment as a successful journey in educational process
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