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21
Machine Translation and Gender biases in video game localisation: a corpus-based analysis
In: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03540605 ; 2022 (2022)
Abstract: The video game industry has been a historically gender-biased terrain due to a higher number of male protagonists and hypersexualised representations [Dietz, 1998; Downs & Smith, 2010; Lynch et al., 2016]. Nowadays, echoing the debate on inclusive language, companies attempt to erase gender disparity by introducing main female characters as well as non-binary characters. From a technological point of view, even though recent studies show that Machine Translation remains largely unadopted by individual video game localisers [Rivas Ginel, 2021], multilanguage vendors are willing to invest in these tools to reduce costs [LIND, 2020]. However, the predominance of the masculine in Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning has created allocation and representation biases in Neural Machine Translation [Crawford, 2017].This paper aims to analyse the percentage of gender bias resulting from the use of Google Translate, DeepL, and SmartCat when translating in-game raw content from English into French. The games DeltaRune, The Devil's Womb and The Faces of the Forest were chosen due to the presence of non-binary characters, non-sexualized characters, and female protagonists. We compared the results in order to recount and analyse the differences between these tools' output when in terms of errors related to gender. To this end, we created a parallel corpus to compare source documents and all the translations to visualise the semantic and grammatical directions of the words embeddings [Zhou; Shi; Zhao and al, 2019] and extracted the collocations and concordance lines that represented gender identity by analysing the patterns in the source language.
Keyword: [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics; corpora; Gender biases; Machine Translation; Neural Machine Translation NMT; Video game Localisation
URL: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03540605/file/Machine%20Translation%20and%20Gender%20biases%20in%20video%20game%20localisation%20%281%29.pdf
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03540605
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03540605/document
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22
Becoming Urban Cyclists: From Socialization to Skills
Adam, Matthieu; Ortar, Nathalie. - : HAL CCSD, 2022. : University of Chester Press, 2022
In: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03552594 ; University of Chester Press. University of Chester Press, 2022, 978-1-910481-17-2 ; https://storefront.chester.ac.uk/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=12_14&products_id=1094 (2022)
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23
Grammatical Gender in the Voss dialect ...
Haug, Kristin. - : Open Science Framework, 2022
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24
Machine Translation Testsuite for Gender-Consistent Translation
Aires, João Paulo. - : Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics (UFAL), 2022
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25
ЎЗБЕК ВА ИНГЛИЗ ТИЛЛАРИДА СЕН/СИЗ МУРОЖААТ ШАКЛЛАРИ ВА ЛИНГВОМАДАНИЙ ХУСУСИЯТЛАРИ ... : UZBEK AND ENGLISH TYPES OF APPEALING SEN-YOU / SIZYOU FORMS AND LINGUCULTURAL PECULIARITIES ...
Сурайё Серажиддиновна Сайдуллаева. - : Academic research in educational sciences, 2022
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26
XITOY LINGVOMADANIYATIDA GENDER TUSHUNCHASI ... : THE CONCEPT OF GENDER IN CHINESE LINGUOCULTURE ...
Ismoilova, Sevara Mirsaid Qizi. - : Oriental renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences, 2022
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27
Gender Does Not Equal Genitalia: A Review of the Implications of Inclusivity in School-Based Sexual Health Education on the Identity Development of Non-Binary and Transgender Adolescents
In: University Honors Theses (2022)
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28
ON THE GRAMMATICAL RESTRICTIONS OF THE USE OF FEMINATIVES IN THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE ...
Vakulenko M., O.. - : Zenodo, 2022
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29
ON THE GRAMMATICAL RESTRICTIONS OF THE USE OF FEMINATIVES IN THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE ...
Vakulenko M., O.. - : Zenodo, 2022
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30
The Gender Star ... : a study on the acceptance of gender-equal language from a psycholinguistic perspective ...
Nowak, Tobias. - : Data Center for the Humanities (DCH), 2022
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31
Women and Emotional Variabilities: Reading of the Delicate Complexes 'Subjecting Asha-Binodini' in Tagore's Chokher Bali ...
Suparna Roy. - : Zenodo, 2022
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32
ІНТЕРПРЕТАЦІЯ ТЕРМІНА ФЕМІНІТИВ У СУЧАСНОМУ УКРАЇНСЬКОМУ МОВОЗНАВСТВІ ...
О., Патріарх В.. - : Zenodo, 2022
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33
THE PROBLEM OF GENDER IDENTITY IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE ...
Viediernikova T., V.. - : Zenodo, 2022
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34
ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ФОРМУВАННЯ ГЕНДЕРНОТОЛЕРАНТНОЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ МОВИ ...
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35
ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ФОРМУВАННЯ ГЕНДЕРНОТОЛЕРАНТНОЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ МОВИ ...
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36
Women and Emotional Variabilities: Reading of the Delicate Complexes 'Subjecting Asha-Binodini' in Tagore's Chokher Bali ...
Suparna Roy. - : Zenodo, 2022
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37
ІНТЕРПРЕТАЦІЯ ТЕРМІНА ФЕМІНІТИВ У СУЧАСНОМУ УКРАЇНСЬКОМУ МОВОЗНАВСТВІ ...
О., Патріарх В.. - : Zenodo, 2022
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38
THE PROBLEM OF GENDER IDENTITY IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE ...
Viediernikova T., V.. - : Zenodo, 2022
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39
GENDER IN MODERN LINGUISTICS ...
Laylo Xalilova Ravshanovna. - : Zenodo, 2022
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40
Dismissing Binaries: Unlocking India's Potential for Equity and Inclusivity via Legislative Reform focused on Linguistics ...
Reonia Mathew. - : Zenodo, 2022
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