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1	Flicker fusion thresholds as a clinical identifier of a magnocellular-deficit dyslexic subgroup
	Peters, Jessica L.; Bavin, Edith L.; Brown, Alyse...
	In: Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, no. 1 (Dec 2020), 21638 (2020)
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2	Flicker fusion thresholds as a clinical identifier of a magnocellular-deficit dyslexic subgroup
	Peters, Jessica L.; Bavin, Edith L.; Brown, Alyse. - : Nature Publishing Group UK, 2020. : Scientific Reports, 2020
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3	Flicker fusion thresholds as a clinical identifier of a magnocellular-deficit dyslexic subgroup.
	Peters, Jessica L; Bavin, Edith L; Brown, Alyse. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020. : Sci Rep, 2020
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4	Flicker fusion thresholds as a clinical identifier of a magnocellular-deficit dyslexic subgroup
	Peters, Jessica L.; Bavin, Edith L.; Brown, Alyse; Crewther, David P.; Crewther, Sheila G.
	In: Sci Rep (2020)
	Abstract: The magnocellular-dorsal system is well isolated by high temporal frequency. However, temporal processing thresholds have seldom been explored in developmental dyslexia nor its subtypes. Hence, performances on two, four-alternative forced-choice achromatic flicker fusion threshold tasks modulated at low (5%) and high (75%) temporal contrast were compared in dyslexic and neurotypical children individually matched for age and intelligence (8–12 years, n = 54 per group). As expected, the higher modulation resulted in higher flicker fusion thresholds in both groups. Compared to neurotypicals, the dyslexic group displayed significantly lower ability to detect flicker at high temporal frequencies, both at low and high temporal contrast. Yet, discriminant analysis did not adequately distinguish the dyslexics from neurotypicals, on the basis of flicker thresholds alone. Rather, two distinct dyslexic subgroups were identified by cluster analysis – one characterised by significantly lower temporal frequency thresholds than neurotypicals (referred to as ‘Magnocellular-Deficit’ dyslexics; 53.7%), while the other group (‘Magnocellular-Typical’ dyslexics; 46.3%) had comparable thresholds to neurotypicals. The two dyslexic subgroups were not differentially associated with phonological or naming speed subtypes and showed comparable mean reading rate impairments. However, correlations between low modulation flicker fusion threshold and reading rate for the two subgroups were significantly different (p = .0009). Flicker fusion threshold performances also showed strong classification accuracy (79.3%) in dissociating the Magnocellular-Deficit dyslexics and neurotypicals. We propose that temporal visual processing impairments characterize a previously unidentified subgroup of dyslexia and suggest that measurement of flicker fusion thresholds could be used clinically to assist early diagnosis and appropriate treatment recommendations for dyslexia.
	Keyword: Article
	URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7730401/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33303835 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78552-3
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5	Preliminary validation of FastaReada as a measure of reading fluency
	Crewther, David P.; Crewther, Sheila G.; Bavin, Edith L....
	In: Frontiers in Psychology, Vol. 6 (Oct 2015), article no. 1634 (2015)
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6	Preliminary validation of FastaReada as a measure of reading fluency
	Elhassan, Zena; Crewther, Sheila G.; Bavin, Edith L.. - : Frontiers Media S.A., 2015
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7	I RAN Fast and I Remembered What I Read: The Relationship between Reading, Rapid Automatic Naming, and Auditory and Visual Short-Term Memory
	Crewther, Sheila G.; Thomson, Brenda; Laycock, Robin. - : SAGE Publications, 2011
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8	Intellectual disability: beyond IQ scores
	Goharpey, Nahal; Crewther, David P.; Crewther, Sheila G.
	In: Learning and memory developments and intellectual disabilities / Lucas C. Eklund and Aron S. Nyman (eds.), Chapter 6, pp. 155-172 (2010)
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9	When /b/ill with /g/ill becomes /d/ill: evidence for a lexical effect in audiovisual speech perception
	Barutchu, Ayla; Kiely, Patricia; Crewther, Sheila...
	In: The European journal of cognitive psychology. - Basingstoke : Psychology Press 20 (2008) 1, 1-11
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10	When /b/ill with /g/ill becomes /d/ill: evidence for a lexical effect in audiovisual speech perception
	Barutchu, Ayla; Murphy, Melanie J.; Kiely, Patricia M....
	In: European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, Vol. 20, no. 1 (2008), pp. 1-11 (2008)
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11	"Wots that Werd?" : Pseudowords (non-words) may be a misleading measure of phonological skills in young learner readers
	Crewther, David P.; Crewther, Sheila G.; Thomson, Brenda
	In: Dyslexia. - Bracknell : British Dyslexia Association 12 (2006) 4, 289-299
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12	Wots that werd? Pseudowords (non-words) may be a misleading measure of phonological skills in young learner readers.
	Thomson, Brenda.; Crewther, David P.; Crewther, Sheila.
	In: Dyslexia, 12(4): 289-299 (2006)
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13	Wots that werd? Pseudowords (non-words) may be a misleading measure of phonological skills in young learner readers
	Thomson, Brenda; Crewther, David P.; Crewther, Sheila G.
	In: Dyslexia, Vol. 12, no. 4 (2006), pp. 289-299 (2006)
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14	Measurement error : implications for diagnosis and discrepancy models of developmental dyslexia
	Crewther, Sheila G.; Crewther, David P.; Cotton, Sue M.
	In: Dyslexia. - Bracknell : British Dyslexia Association 11 (2005) 3, 186-202
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15	Vision and learning to read
	Kiely, Patricia M.; Crewther, Sheila G.; Crewther, David P.
	In: Clinical and Experimental Optometry, Vol. 85, no. 4 (Jul 2002), pp. 260-262 (2002)
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