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Neuroplasticity associated with changes in conversational turn-taking following a family-based intervention
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In: Elsevier (2021)
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Parenting and Early Language Development of Young Children in South Korea
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Dual Language Learners in Transition from Home to School: The Role of Parental Attitudes and Home Language Practices in Bilingual Development
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Understanding the Role of the Home Environment in Chinese Preschoolers’ Language Development
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Language Exposure Relates to Structural Neural Connectivity in Childhood
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In: Society for Neurocience (2019)
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Abstract:
Neuroscience research has elucidated broad relationships between socioeconomic status (SES) and young children’s brain structure, but there is little mechanistic knowledge about specific environmental factors that are associated with specific variation in brain structure. One environmental factor, early language exposure, predicts children’s linguistic and cognitive skills and later academic achievement, but how language exposure relates to neuroanatomy is unknown. By measuring the real-world language exposure of young children (ages 4 – 6 years, 27 male/13 female), we confirmed the preregistered hypothesis that greater adult-child conversational experience, independent of SES and the sheer amount of adult speech, is related to stronger, more coherent white matter connectivity in the left arcuate and superior longitudinal fasciculi on average, and specifically near their anterior termination at Broca’s area in left inferior frontal cortex. Fractional anisotropy of significant tract subregions mediated the relationship between conversational turns and children’s language skills and indicated a neuroanatomical mechanism underlying the SES “language gap.” Post hoc whole-brain analyses revealed that language exposure was not related to any other white matter tracts, indicating the specificity of this relationship. Results suggest that the development of dorsal language tracts is environmentally influenced, specifically by early, dialogic interaction. Furthermore, these findings raise the possibility that early intervention programs aiming to ameliorate disadvantages in development due to family SES may focus on increasing children’s conversational exposure to capitalize on the early neural plasticity underlying cognitive development. ; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (Grant F31HD086957)
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URL: https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/126658
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Early Behavioral and Environmental Predictors of Language Skills in Infants at High and Low Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Beyond the 30-Million-Word Gap: Children’s Conversational Exposure Is Associated With Language-Related Brain Function ...
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Beyond the 30-Million-Word Gap: Children’s Conversational Exposure Is Associated With Language-Related Brain Function ...
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Language Exposure Relates to Structural Neural Connectivity in Childhood
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Beyond the 30-Million-Word Gap: Children’s Conversational Exposure Is Associated With Language-Related Brain Function
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Exploring Infant Gesture and Joint Attention as Related Constructs and as Predictors of Later Language
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Vocabulary, syntax, and narrative development in typically developing children and children with early unilateral brain injury: Early parental talk about the there-and-then matters
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Father Input and Child Vocabulary Development: The Importance of Wh-questions and Clarification Requests
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What counts in the development of young children’s number knowledge?
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Does linguistic input play the same role in language learning for children with and without early brain injury?
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