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Social and emotion dimensional organizations in the abstract semantic space: the neuropsychological evidence
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In: Sci Rep (2021)
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Representational similarity analysis reveals task-dependent semantic influence of the visual word form area
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Doctor, Teacher, and Stethoscope: Neural Representation of Different Types of Semantic Relations
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Abstract:
Concepts can be related in many ways. They can belong to the same taxonomic category (e.g., “doctor” and “teacher,” both in the category of people) or be associated with the same event context (e.g., “doctor” and “stethoscope,” both associated with medical scenarios). How are these two major types of semantic relations coded in the brain? We constructed stimuli from three taxonomic categories (people, manmade objects, and locations) and three thematic categories (school, medicine, and sports) and investigated the neural representations of these two dimensions using representational similarity analyses in human participants (10 men and nine women). In specific regions of interest, the left anterior temporal lobe (ATL) and the left temporoparietal junction (TPJ), we found that, whereas both areas had significant effects of taxonomic information, the taxonomic relations had stronger effects in the ATL than in the TPJ (“doctor” and “teacher” closer in ATL neural activity), with the reverse being true for thematic relations (“doctor” and “stethoscope” closer in TPJ neural activity). A whole-brain searchlight analysis revealed that widely distributed regions, mainly in the left hemisphere, represented the taxonomic dimension. Interestingly, the significant effects of the thematic relations were only observed after the taxonomic differences were controlled for in the left TPJ, the right superior lateral occipital cortex, and other frontal, temporal, and parietal regions. In summary, taxonomic grouping is a primary organizational dimension across distributed brain regions, with thematic grouping further embedded within such taxonomic structures. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT How are concepts organized in the brain? It is well established that concepts belonging to the same taxonomic categories (e.g., “doctor” and “teacher”) share neural representations in specific brain regions. How concepts are associated in other manners (e.g., “doctor” and “stethoscope,” which are thematically related) remains poorly understood. We used representational similarity analyses to unravel the neural representations of these different types of semantic relations by testing the same set of words that could be differently grouped by taxonomic categories or by thematic categories. We found that widely distributed brain areas primarily represented taxonomic categories, with the thematic categories further embedded within the taxonomic structure.
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Research Articles
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URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6596060/ https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2562-17.2018 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29476016
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Neural representation of visual concepts in people born blind
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Domain Selectivity in the Parahippocampal Gyrus Is Predicted by the Same Structural Connectivity Patterns in Blind and Sighted Individuals
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The Left Fusiform Gyrus is a Critical Region Contributing to the Core Behavioral Profile of Semantic Dementia
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Areas Recruited during Action Understanding Are Not Modulated by Auditory or Sign Language Experience
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Reading Without Speech Sounds: VWFA and its Connectivity in the Congenitally Deaf
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Altered connectivity of the dorsal and ventral visual regions in dyslexic children: a resting-state fMRI study
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An fMRI Study of Grammatical Morpheme Processing Associated with Nouns and Verbs in Chinese
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Resting-State Functional Connectivity Patterns Predict Chinese Word Reading Competency
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