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Supplementary material from "Validated measures of semantic knowledge and semantic control: normative data from young and older adults for more than 300 semantic judgements" ...
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Supplementary material from "Validated measures of semantic knowledge and semantic control: normative data from young and older adults for more than 300 semantic judgements" ...
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Semantic diversity is best measured with unscaled vectors: Reply to Cevoli, Watkins and Rastle (2020). ...
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Stimulus-independent neural coding of event semantics: Evidence from cross-sentence fMRI decoding
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In: Neuroimage (2021)
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Semantic diversity is best measured with unscaled vectors: Reply to Cevoli, Watkins and Rastle (2020).
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Characterising the effect of semantic and perceptual similarity in episodic memory
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Perceptual and Semantic Representations at Encoding Contribute to True and False Recognition of Objects
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In: J Neurosci (2021)
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Abstract:
When encoding new episodic memories, visual and semantic processing is proposed to make distinct contributions to accurate memory and memory distortions. Here, we used fMRI and preregistered representational similarity analysis to uncover the representations that predict true and false recognition of unfamiliar objects. Two semantic models captured coarse-grained taxonomic categories and specific object features, respectively, while two perceptual models embodied low-level visual properties. Twenty-eight female and male participants encoded images of objects during fMRI scanning, and later had to discriminate studied objects from similar lures and novel objects in a recognition memory test. Both perceptual and semantic models predicted true memory. When studied objects were later identified correctly, neural patterns corresponded to low-level visual representations of these object images in the early visual cortex, lingual, and fusiform gyri. In a similar fashion, alignment of neural patterns with fine-grained semantic feature representations in the fusiform gyrus also predicted true recognition. However, emphasis on coarser taxonomic representations predicted forgetting more anteriorly in the anterior ventral temporal cortex, left inferior frontal gyrus and, in an exploratory analysis, left perirhinal cortex. In contrast, false recognition of similar lure objects was associated with weaker visual analysis posteriorly in early visual and left occipitotemporal cortex. The results implicate multiple perceptual and semantic representations in successful memory encoding and suggest that fine-grained semantic as well as visual analysis contributes to accurate later recognition, while processing visual image detail is critical for avoiding false recognition errors. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT People are able to store detailed memories of many similar objects. We offer new insights into the encoding of these specific memories by combining fMRI with explicit models of how image properties and object knowledge are represented in the brain. When people processed fine-grained visual properties in occipital and posterior temporal cortex, they were more likely to recognize the objects later and less likely to falsely recognize similar objects. In contrast, while object-specific feature representations in fusiform gyrus predicted accurate memory, coarse-grained categorical representations in frontal and temporal regions predicted forgetting. The data provide the first direct tests of theoretical assumptions about encoding true and false memories, suggesting that semantic representations contribute to specific memories as well as errors.
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Research Articles
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URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8496201/
https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0677-21.2021
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34413205
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Perceptual and semantic representations at encoding contribute to true and false recognition of objects
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Coherence and semantic control impairments in stroke aphasia ...
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Going off the rails: Impaired coherence in the speech of patients with semantic control deficits
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In: Neuropsychologia (2020)
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Reductions in prefrontal activation predict off-topic utterances during speech production
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The Ventral Anterior Temporal Lobe has a Necessary Role in Exception Word Reading
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An individual differences approach to semantic cognition: Divergent effects of age on representation, retrieval and selection
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Poor coherence in older people's speech is explained by impaired semantic and executive processes
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The Roles of Left Versus Right Anterior Temporal Lobes in Semantic Memory: A Neuropsychological Comparison of Postsurgical Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients
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Divergent effects of healthy ageing on semantic knowledge and control: Evidence from novel comparisons with semantically impaired patients
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Age-related changes in the neural networks supporting semantic cognition: a meta-analysis of 47 functional neuroimaging studies
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Data-driven classification of patients with primary progressive aphasia.
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Semantic control deficits impair understanding of thematic relationships more than object identity
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Semantic control deficits impair understanding of thematic relationships more than object identity
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