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Concurrent predictors of word reading and reading comprehension for 9-year-olds with Williams syndrome
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In: Read Writ (2021)
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Abstract:
We examined the cognitive, language, and instructional factors associated with reading ability in Williams syndrome (WS). Seventy 9-year-olds with WS completed standardized measures of real-word reading, pseudoword decoding, reading comprehension, phonological skills, listening comprehension, nonverbal reasoning, visual-spatial ability, verbal working memory, rapid naming, and vocabulary. Reading instruction method was determined from school records and interviews with parents and teachers. Similar to prior findings for individuals with WS, reading ability varied widely, ranging from inability to read any words to reading comprehension at age level. Multiple regression analyses indicated that the primary concurrent predictor of word reading ability was reading instruction method, with a systematic phonics approach associated with considerably better performance than other reading instruction approaches. Phonological processing skills—as assessed by a composite of phonological awareness and verbal short-term memory—also contributed significant unique variance to word reading ability, as did visual-spatial ability. The concurrent predictors of reading comprehension were single-word reading and listening comprehension. These findings indicate that the factors that predict concurrent early word reading and reading comprehension abilities for children with WS are consistent with previous findings for typically developing children and that the Simple View of Reading applies to children with WS. Children with WS benefit strongly from systematic phonics instruction regardless of IQ. Instruction focused on improving listening comprehension is likely to improve reading comprehension, especially as word reading skills increase. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11145-021-10163-4.
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Keyword:
Article
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URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8827302/ https://doi.org/10.1007/s11145-021-10163-4
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Sleep characteristics and problems of 2-year-olds with Williams syndrome: relations with language and behavior ...
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Sleep characteristics and problems of 2-year-olds with Williams syndrome: relations with language and behavior ...
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Sleep characteristics and problems of 2-year-olds with Williams syndrome: relations with language and behavior
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In: J Neurodev Disord (2020)
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Development of Rapid Word-Object Associations in Relation to Expressive Vocabulary: Shared Commonalities in Infants and Toddlers with and without Williams Syndrome
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In: Dev Sci (2020)
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Age at Onset of Declarative Gestures and 24-Month Expressive Vocabulary Predict Later Language and Intellectual Abilities in Young Children With Williams Syndrome
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Infants with Williams Syndrome Detect Statistical Regularities in Continuous Speech
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Children with Williams Syndrome: Developmental Trajectories for Intellectual Abilities, Vocabulary Abilities, and Adaptive Behavior
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Pragmatic Abilities of Children with Williams Syndrome: A Longitudinal Examination
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Children with Williams Syndrome: Language, Cognitive, and Behavioral Characteristics and their Implications for Intervention
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Children with 7q11.23 Duplication Syndrome: Speech, Language, Cognitive, and Behavioral Characteristics and their Implications for Intervention
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Cognitive and Behavioral Characteristics of Children with Williams Syndrome: Implications for Intervention Approaches
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Language and Literacy Development of Children with Williams Syndrome
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Rearrangements of the Williams–Beuren syndrome locus: molecular basis and implications for speech and language development
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