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Dominant hemisphere functional networks compensate for structural connectivity loss to preserve phonological retrieval with aging
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Optimally Efficient Neural Systems for Processing Spoken Language
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Functional organisation of the neural language system: Dorsal and ventral pathways are critical for syntax
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Optimally Efficient Neural Systems for Processing Spoken Language
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Abstract:
Cognitive models claim that spoken words are recognized by an optimally efficient sequential analysis process. Evidence for this is the finding that nonwords are recognized as soon as they deviate from all real words (Marslen-Wilson 1984), reflecting continuous evaluation of speech inputs against lexical representations. Here, we investigate the brain mechanisms supporting this core aspect of word recognition and examine the processes of competition and selection among multiple word candidates. Based on new behavioral support for optimal efficiency in lexical access from speech, a functional magnetic resonance imaging study showed that words with later nonword points generated increased activation in the left superior and middle temporal gyrus (Brodmann area [BA] 21/22), implicating these regions in dynamic sound-meaning mapping. We investigated competition and selection by manipulating the number of initially activated word candidates (competition) and their later drop-out rate (selection). Increased lexical competition enhanced activity in bilateral ventral inferior frontal gyrus (BA 47/45), while increased lexical selection demands activated bilateral dorsal inferior frontal gyrus (BA 44/45). These findings indicate functional differentiation of the fronto-temporal systems for processing spoken language, with left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and superior temporal gyrus (STG) involved in mapping sounds to meaning, bilateral ventral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) engaged in less constrained early competition processing, and bilateral dorsal IFG engaged in later, more fine-grained selection processes.
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Article
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URL: http://cercor.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/bhs366v1
https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhs366
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Age-related Neural Reorganization during Spoken Word Recognition: The Interaction of Form and Meaning
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Differentiating Hemispheric Contributions to Syntax and Semantics in Patients with Left-Hemisphere Lesions
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Dynamic Processing in the Human Language System: Synergy between the Arcuate Fascicle and Extreme Capsule
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Reorganization of syntactic processing following left-hemisphere brain damage: does right-hemisphere activity preserve function?
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Reorganization of syntactic processing following left-hemisphere brain damage: does right-hemisphere activity preserve function?
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Reorganization of syntactic processing following left-hemisphere brain damage: does right-hemisphere activity preserve function?
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Longitudinal studies of semantic dementia: The relationship between structural and functional changes over time
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On the Tip-of-the-Tongue: Neural Correlates of Increased Word-finding Failures in Normal Aging
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