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A Model of the Production Effect over the Short-Term: The Cost of Relative Distinctiveness
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22 |
Decoding verbal working memory representations of Chinese characters from Broca's area
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23 |
Creating a theoretical framework to underpin discourse assessment and intervention in aphasia
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25 |
A systematic review of language and communication intervention research delivered in groups to older adults living in care homes
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26 |
The interplay between early social interaction, language and executive function development in deaf and hearing infants
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27 |
When forgetting fosters learning: A neural network model for Statistical Learning
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28 |
Effects of semantic plausibility, syntactic complexity and n-gram frequency on children's sentence repetition
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30 |
Early bilingual experience is associated with change detection ability in adults
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31 |
FFA and OFA encode distinct types of face identity information
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Clocking in on autism: time perception and temporal aspects of communication in autism spectrum disorders
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33 |
Patient experiences of therapy for borderline personality disorder: Commonalities and differences between dialectical behaviour therapy and mentalization-based therapy and relation to outcomes
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A Reference-Dependent Computational Model of Anorexia Nervosa
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Abstract:
Influential accounts interpret anorexia as arising from perfectionism, dichotomous thinking, and poor control expressed in a variety of life domains, resulting in low self-esteem. In this context, restraining eating would allow patients to re-establish some control and self-esteem. Although this view has offered important insight, one shortcoming is that constructs such as perfectionism, control, and dichotomous thinking, remain poorly specified. To clarify these constructs, we propose a computational model of anorexia. This relies on previous theories of evaluation, which highlight its reference-dependent nature: when attributing a value to an outcome, our brain automatically assesses the outcome relative to its context. Following these theories, the model proposes that a high reference point explains general characteristics such as perfectionism, dichotomous thinking, low self-esteem, and low sense of control. These characteristics would result specifically in anorexia when the sense of control regarding body shape, compared with other life domains, is relatively high. The model raises the possibility that reference effects also might explain why patients pursue extremely low weight; exposure to skinny body images—one product of obsessive dieting—might change the reference point for their own body, hence leading to extremely low body weight, staunch refusal to gain weight, and body misperceptions. The model contributes to clarify key concepts adopted in the literature and their relation. Such computational formulation might help to foster theoretical debate, formulating novel empirical predictions, and integrate psychological and neuroscientific perspectives on anorexia.
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Keyword:
BF Psychology; RC Internal medicine; RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
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URL: https://doi.org/10.3758/s13415-021-00886-w https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/26092/ https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/26092/1/Rigoli-Martinelli2021_Article_AReference-DependentComputatio.pdf
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35 |
Beliefs about unobservable scientific and religious entities are transmitted via subtle linguistic cues in parental testimony
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36 |
Nativeness, Social Distance and Structural Convergence in Dialogue
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37 |
How set switching affects the use of context-appropriate language by autistic and neuro-typical children
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Detecting joint attention events in mother-infant dyads : sharing looks cannot be reliably identified by naïve third-party observers
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39 |
Collective knowledge and the dynamics of culture in chimpanzees
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