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The Role of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex for Speech and Language Processing
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In: Front Hum Neurosci (2021)
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New Developments in Understanding the Complexity of Human Speech Production
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Network Modeling for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) Signals during Ultra-Fast Speech Comprehension in Late-Blind Listeners
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Abstract:
In many functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies blind humans were found to show cross-modal reorganization engaging the visual system in non-visual tasks. For example, blind people can manage to understand (synthetic) spoken language at very high speaking rates up to ca. 20 syllables/s (syl/s). FMRI data showed that hemodynamic activation within right-hemispheric primary visual cortex (V1), bilateral pulvinar (Pv), and left-hemispheric supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) covaried with their capability of ultra-fast speech (16 syllables/s) comprehension. It has been suggested that right V1 plays an important role with respect to the perception of ultra-fast speech features, particularly the detection of syllable onsets. Furthermore, left pre-SMA seems to be an interface between these syllabic representations and the frontal speech processing and working memory network. So far, little is known about the networks linking V1 to Pv, auditory cortex (A1), and (mesio-) frontal areas. Dynamic causal modeling (DCM) was applied to investigate (i) the input structure from A1 and Pv toward right V1 and (ii) output from right V1 and A1 to left pre-SMA. As concerns the input Pv was significantly connected to V1, in addition to A1, in blind participants, but not in sighted controls. Regarding the output V1 was significantly connected to pre-SMA in blind individuals, and the strength of V1-SMA connectivity correlated with the performance of ultra-fast speech comprehension. By contrast, in sighted controls, not understanding ultra-fast speech, pre-SMA did neither receive input from A1 nor V1. Taken together, right V1 might facilitate the “parsing” of the ultra-fast speech stream in blind subjects by receiving subcortical auditory input via the Pv (= secondary visual pathway) and transmitting this information toward contralateral pre-SMA.
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Keyword:
Research Article
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URL: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132196 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4492787/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26148062
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Experience-Related Structural Changes of Degenerated Occipital White Matter in Late-Blind Humans – A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study
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The role of pre-SMA for time-critical speech perception : a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) study
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Brain mechanisms of acoustic communication in humans and nonhuman primates: An evolutionary perspective
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In: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)
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Phylogenetic reorganization of the basal ganglia: A necessary, but not the only, bridge over a primate Rubicon of acoustic communication
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In: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)
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Cortical and fibre tract interrelations in conduction aphasia
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In: Aphasiology. - 28, 10 (2014) , 1151-1167, ISSN: 0268-7038 (2014)
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Training of ultra-fast speech comprehension induces functional reorganization of the central-visual system in late-blind humans
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How can audiovisual pathways enhance the temporal resolution of time-compressed speech in blind subjects?
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Magnetic brain activity phase-locked to the envelope, the syllable onsets, and the fundamental frequency of a perceived speech signal
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