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Theory of mind, executive functions, and syntax in bilingual children with autism spectrum disorder
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A Distinction Between Linguistic and Social Pragmatics Helps the Precise Characterization of Pragmatic Challenges in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders and Developmental Language Disorder.
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New Developments in Enactive Social Cognition
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In: University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 2017+ (2020)
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Pragmatics, Theory of Mind and executive functions in schizophrenia: Disentangling the puzzle using machine learning
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Abstract:
Objective Schizophrenia is associated with a severe impairment in the communicative-pragmatic domain. Recent research has tried to disentangle the relationship between communicative impairment and other domains usually impaired in schizophrenia, i.e. Theory of Mind (ToM) and cognitive functions. However, the results are inconclusive and this relationship is still unclear. Machine learning (ML) provides novel opportunities for studying complex relationships among phenomena and representing causality among multiple variables. The present research explored the potential of applying ML, specifically Bayesian network (BNs) analysis, to characterize the relationship between cognitive, ToM and pragmatic abilities in individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls, and to identify the cognitive and pragmatic abilities that are most informative in discriminating between schizophrenia and controls. Methods We provided a comprehensive assessment of different aspects of pragmatic performance, i.e. linguistic, extralinguistic, paralinguistic, contextual and conversational, ToM and cognitive functions, i.e. Executive Functions (EF)—selective attention, planning, inhibition, cognitive flexibility, working memory and speed processing—and general intelligence, in a sample of 32 individuals with schizophrenia and 35 controls. Results The results showed that the BNs classifier discriminated well between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. The network structure revealed that only pragmatic Linguistic ability directly influenced the classification of patients and controls, while diagnosis determined performance on ToM, Extralinguistic, Paralinguistic, Selective Attention, Planning, Inhibition and Cognitive Flexibility tasks. The model identified pragmatic, ToM and cognitive abilities as three distinct domains independent of one another. Conclusion Taken together, our results confirmed the importance of considering pragmatic linguistic impairment as a core dysfunction in schizophrenia, and demonstrated the potential of applying BNs in investigating the relationship between pragmatic ability and cognition.
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Keyword:
Bayesian network; Cognitive functioning; Communication; Machine learning; Pragmatics; Schizophrenia; Theory of mind
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URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2318/1734245
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0229603
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229603
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The Relationship between Theory of Mind and Executive Function: Are They Two Facets of the Same Process or Two Distinct Processes?
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In: Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository (2020)
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| 46 |
A Distinction Between Linguistic and Social Pragmatics Helps the Precise Characterization of Pragmatic Challenges in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders and Developmental Language Disorder
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MIND MAPPING: A WAY TO HONE EFL NINTH GRADERS’ WRITING SKILL AT AN ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL
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In: Journal of Applied Linguistics and Literature, Vol 5, Iss 2, Pp 149-160 (2020) (2020)
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| 48 |
Cognitive Skills, Strategic Sophistication, and Life Outcomes
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| 49 |
Social and General Intelligence Improves Collective Action in a Common Pool Resource System
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In: Ecology Center Publications (2020)
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Visual Behavior, Pupil Dilation, and Ability to Identify Emotions From Facial Expressions After Stroke
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An Introduction to Complex Systems: Making Sense of a Changing World
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In: Faculty Books (2019)
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Conversationally and monologically-produced narratives: A complex story of horizontal décalages.
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In: Psychology of Language and Communication ; https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-03112854 ; Psychology of Language and Communication, 2019, 23 (1), pp.81-104. ⟨10.2478/plc-2019-0005⟩ (2019)
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Oh, mein liebster Frosch ist ins Wasser gefallen! Emotionen in Narrativen von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Williams-Syndrom ...
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| 56 |
The Notions of the "Closet" and the "Secret" in Oscar Wilde's, The Picture of Dorian Gray
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In: FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations (2019)
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Representing other minds : mental state reference is moderated by group membership
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| 58 |
Why can some implicit Theory of Mind tasks be replicated and others cannot? A test of mentalizing versus submentalizing accounts
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Why can some implicit Theory of Mind tasks be replicated and others cannot? A test of mentalizing versus submentalizing accounts
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