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Early life risk factors of motor, cognitive and language development: a pooled analysis of studies from low/middle-income countries.
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In: BMJ open, vol 9, iss 10 (2019)
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Early life risk factors of motor, cognitive and language development: a pooled analysis of studies from low/middle-income countries ...
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Early life risk factors of motor, cognitive and language development: a pooled analysis of studies from low/middle-income countries
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Early life risk factors of motor, cognitive and language development: a pooled analysis of studies from low/middle-income countries
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Early life risk factors of motor, cognitive and language development: a pooled analysis of studies from low/middle-income countries
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Sania, Ayesha; Sudfeld, Christopher R; Danaei, Goodarz; Fink, Günther; McCoy, Dana C; Zhu, Zhaozhong; Fawzi, Mary C Smith; Akman, Mehmet; Arifeen, Shams E; Barros, Aluisio J D; Bellinger, David; Black, Maureen M; Bogale, Alemtsehay; Braun, Joseph M; van den Broek, Nynke; Carrara, Verena; Duazo, Paulita; Duggan, Christopher; Fernald, Lia C H; Gladstone, Melissa; Hamadani, Jena; Handal, Alexis J; Harlow, Siobán; Hidrobo, Melissa; Kuzawa, Chris; Kvestad, Ingrid; Locks, Lindsey; Manji, Karim; Masanja, Honorati; Matijasevich, Alicia; McDonald, Christine; McGready, Rose; Rizvi, Arjumand; Santos, Darci; Santos, Leticia; Save, Dilsad; Shapiro, Roger; Stoecker, Barbara; Strand, Tor A; Taneja, Sunita; Tellez-Rojo, Martha-Maria; Tofail, Fahmida; Yousafzai, Aisha K; Ezzati, Majid; Fawzi, Wafaie. - : BMJ Publishing Group, 2019
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Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: To determine the magnitude of relationships of early life factors with child development in low/middle-income countries (LMICs). DESIGN: Meta-analyses of standardised mean differences (SMDs) estimated from published and unpublished data. DATA SOURCES: We searched Medline, bibliographies of key articles and reviews, and grey literature to identify studies from LMICs that collected data on early life exposures and child development. The most recent search was done on 4 November 2014. We then invited the first authors of the publications and investigators of unpublished studies to participate in the study. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES: Studies that assessed at least one domain of child development in at least 100 children under 7 years of age and collected at least one early life factor of interest were included in the study. ANALYSES: Linear regression models were used to assess SMDs in child development by parental and child factors within each study. We then produced pooled estimates across studies using random effects meta-analyses. RESULTS: We retrieved data from 21 studies including 20 882 children across 13 LMICs, to assess the associations of exposure to 14 major risk factors with child development. Children of mothers with secondary schooling had 0.14 SD (95% CI 0.05 to 0.25) higher cognitive scores compared with children whose mothers had primary education. Preterm birth was associated with 0.14 SD (–0.24 to –0.05) and 0.23 SD (–0.42 to –0.03) reductions in cognitive and motor scores, respectively. Maternal short stature, anaemia in infancy and lack of access to clean water and sanitation had significant negative associations with cognitive and motor development with effects ranging from −0.18 to −0.10 SDs. CONCLUSIONS: Differential parental, environmental and nutritional factors contribute to disparities in child development across LMICs. Targeting these factors from prepregnancy through childhood may improve health and development of children.
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Keyword:
Global Health
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URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31585969 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6797384/ https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026449
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Early life risk factors of motor, cognitive and language development: a pooled analysis of studies from low/middle-income countries.
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Nutritional, Socio-Economic, and Delivery Characteristics are Associated with Neurodevelopment in Tanzanian Children
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Learning the language of statistics: challenges and teaching approaches
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Learning the language of statistics: Challenges and teaching approaches
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Mobile-phone-based classroom response systems: students' perceptions of engagement and learning in a large undergraduate course
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Instructor perceptions of using a mobile-phone-based, free classroom response system in first-year statistics undergraduate courses
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Instructor perceptions of using a mobile phone-based, free classroom response system in first-year statistics undergraduate courses: implications for teaching practice
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Bridging the divide by screencasting in an introductory statistics class at an Australian university
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Modal Verbs in Tyneside English
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In: Linguistica Atlantica; Vol. 9 (1987); 43 - 55 (1987)
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