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A Temporal Sampling Basis for Visual Processing in Developmental Dyslexia
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In: Front Hum Neurosci (2020)
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Abstract:
Knowledge of oscillatory entrainment and its fundamental role in cognitive and behavioral processing has increasingly been applied to research in the field of reading and developmental dyslexia. Growing evidence indicates that oscillatory entrainment to theta frequency spoken language in the auditory domain, along with cross-frequency theta-gamma coupling, support phonological processing (i.e., cognitive encoding of linguistic knowledge gathered from speech) which is required for reading. This theory is called the temporal sampling framework (TSF) and can extend to developmental dyslexia, such that inadequate temporal sampling of speech-sounds in people with dyslexia results in poor theta oscillatory entrainment in the auditory domain, and thus a phonological processing deficit which hinders reading ability. We suggest that inadequate theta oscillations in the visual domain might account for the many magno-dorsal processing, oculomotor control and visual deficits seen in developmental dyslexia. We propose two possible models of a magno-dorsal visual correlate to the auditory TSF: (1) A direct correlate that involves “bottom-up” magnocellular oscillatory entrainment of the visual domain that occurs when magnocellular populations phase lock to theta frequency fixations during reading and (2) an inverse correlate whereby attending to text triggers “top-down” low gamma signals from higher-order visual processing areas, thereby organizing magnocellular populations to synchronize to a theta frequency to drive the temporal control of oculomotor movements and capturing of letter images at a higher frequency.
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Keyword:
Neuroscience
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URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.00213
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7360833/
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| 2 |
A temporal sampling basis for visual processing in developmental dyslexia
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| 3 |
Reading between the lines: neurocognition and reading acquisition in remote Indigenous Australia
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| 4 |
Temporal sampling in vision and the implications for dyslexia
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In: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (2016)
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| 5 |
Temporal sampling in vision and the implications for dyslexia
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In: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (2016)
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| 6 |
Attentional shifting and the role of the dorsal pathway in visual word recognition
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In: Neuropsychologia (2015)
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| 7 |
What can MEG neuroimaging tell us about reading?
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In: Journal of Neurolinguistics (2015)
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| 8 |
Symbol-string sensitivity and adult performance in lexical decision
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In: Brain and Language (2015)
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| 9 |
What can MEG neuroimaging tell us about reading?
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In: Journal of Neurolinguistics (2015)
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| 10 |
Dyslexia: a deficit in visuo-spatial attention, not in phonological processing
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In: Trends in Cognitive Sciences (2015)
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| 11 |
Spelling and reading: Using visual sensitivity to explore shared or separate orthographic representations
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In: Perception (2015)
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| 12 |
Music and language: do they draw on similar syntactic working memory resources?
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In: Psychology of Music (2015)
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| 13 |
Symbol-string sensitivity and adult performance in lexical decision
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In: Brain and Language (2015)
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| 14 |
The Contribution of Visual Sensitivity, Phonological Processing, and Nonverbal IQ to Children's Reading
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In: Scientific Studies of Reading (2015)
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| 15 |
Phase Coupling in a Cerebro-Cerebellar Network at 8-13 Hz during Reading
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In: Cerebral Cortex (2015)
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| 16 |
Phase Coupling in a Cerebro-Cerebellar Network at 8-13 Hz during Reading
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In: Cerebral Cortex (2015)
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| 17 |
Integration of the visual and auditory networks in dyslexia: a theoretical perspective
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In: Journal of Research in Reading (2015)
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| 18 |
Attentional shifting and the role of the dorsal pathway in visual word recognition
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In: Neuropsychologia (2015)
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| 19 |
Dyslexia: a deficit in visuo-spatial attention, not in phonological processing
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In: Trends in Cognitive Sciences (2015)
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| 20 |
Music and language: do they draw on similar syntactic working memory resources?
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In: Psychology of Music (2015)
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