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Flicker fusion thresholds as a clinical identifier of a magnocellular-deficit dyslexic subgroup
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In: Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, no. 1 (Dec 2020), 21638 (2020)
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Flicker fusion thresholds as a clinical identifier of a magnocellular-deficit dyslexic subgroup
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Flicker fusion thresholds as a clinical identifier of a magnocellular-deficit dyslexic subgroup.
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Abstract:
The magnocellular-dorsal system is well isolated by high temporal frequency. However, temporal processing thresholds have seldom been explored in developmental dyslexia nor its subtypes. Hence, performances on two, four-alternative forced-choice achromatic flicker fusion threshold tasks modulated at low (5%) and high (75%) temporal contrast were compared in dyslexic and neurotypical children individually matched for age and intelligence (8-12 years, n = 54 per group). As expected, the higher modulation resulted in higher flicker fusion thresholds in both groups. Compared to neurotypicals, the dyslexic group displayed significantly lower ability to detect flicker at high temporal frequencies, both at low and high temporal contrast. Yet, discriminant analysis did not adequately distinguish the dyslexics from neurotypicals, on the basis of flicker thresholds alone. Rather, two distinct dyslexic subgroups were identified by cluster analysis - one characterised by significantly lower temporal frequency thresholds than neurotypicals (referred to as 'Magnocellular-Deficit' dyslexics; 53.7%), while the other group ('Magnocellular-Typical' dyslexics; 46.3%) had comparable thresholds to neurotypicals. The two dyslexic subgroups were not differentially associated with phonological or naming speed subtypes and showed comparable mean reading rate impairments. However, correlations between low modulation flicker fusion threshold and reading rate for the two subgroups were significantly different (p = .0009). Flicker fusion threshold performances also showed strong classification accuracy (79.3%) in dissociating the Magnocellular-Deficit dyslexics and neurotypicals. We propose that temporal visual processing impairments characterize a previously unidentified subgroup of dyslexia and suggest that measurement of flicker fusion thresholds could be used clinically to assist early diagnosis and appropriate treatment recommendations for dyslexia.
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Keyword:
Case-Control Studies; Child; Dyslexia; Female; Flicker Fusion; Humans; Male; Pattern Recognition; Reading; Visual; Visual Perception
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URL: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.65000 https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/317885
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Flicker fusion thresholds as a clinical identifier of a magnocellular-deficit dyslexic subgroup
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In: Sci Rep (2020)
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Modelling the early expressive communicative trajectories of infants/toddlers with early cochlear implants
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Language and social-emotional and behavioural wellbeing from 4 to 7 years: a community-based study
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Children with cochlear implants in infancy: predictors of early vocabulary
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Parent-reported patterns of loss and gain in communication in 1- to 2-year-old children are not unique to autism spectrum disorder
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Language Outcomes at 7 Years: Early Predictors and Co-Occurring Difficulties
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Language and social-emotional and behavioural wellbeing from 4 to 7ars: a community-based study
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Service utilisation and costs of language impairment in children: The early language in Victoria Australian population-based study
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The Contribution of Phonological Awareness to Reading Fluency and Its Individual Sub-skills in Readers Aged 9- to 12-years
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Severity of Autism is Related to Children's Language Processing
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In: Autism Research (2015)
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Online processing of sentences containing noun modification in young children with high-functioning autism
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In: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders (2015)
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The role of the lexicon in the development of the language processor
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Online processing of sentences containing noun modification in young children with high-functioning autism
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In: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders (2015)
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Severity of Autism is Related to Children's Language Processing
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In: Autism Research (2015)
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The role of the lexicon in the development of the language processor
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Developing a comprehensive model of risk and protective factors that can predict spelling at age seven : findings from a community sample of Victorian children
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