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Individual Difference Relations in Psychometric and Experimental Cognitive Tasks
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1980)
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Abstract:
A critical survey is made of recent literature pertaining to the possibility of measuring important dimensions of human cognitive ability through various types of simple cognitive tasks. The survey focuses on individual differences (IDs) found in cognitive tasks that have received extensive study in experimental cognitive psychology--for example, simple and choice reaction time, lexical decision, stimulus matching, probed search of short-term memory, memory span, free and serial recall, simple sentence comprehension, and analogical reasoning. Questions of paramount interest were: What kinds of individual differences are observed in these tasks? Do they exhibit sufficient variance and reliability to measure stable individual characteristics that may be of relevance in personnel selection and other operational context? What are the dimensions of these IDs from a factor-analytic standpoint? How are they related to those observed through more conventional psychometric tests? To what extent are they subject to the effects of practice and specific training, or related to demographic variables in such a way as to reduce their utility for operational use? Can the study of individual difference in simple cognitive tasks be valuable in the development of psychological theory? A considerable portion of the monograph is devoted to the definition and specification of 'elementary cognitive tasks' (ECTs) and to how ETCs can be administered, in experimental settings, so as optimally to reveal IDs in cognitive processes. A scheme for classifying ECTs according to basic paradigms is presented, and suggestions are made concerning procedures, including computer simulation, for conceptualizing and analyzing underlying processes.
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Keyword:
*COGNITION; *COMPREHENSION; *PERFORMANCE(HUMAN); *PSYCHOMOTOR FUNCTION; DECISION MAKING; INDIVIDUALIZED TRAINING; MEMORY(PSYCHOLOGY); PE61153N; Psychology; REACTION(PSYCHOLOGY); STIMULATION(PHYSIOLOGY); WUNR150406
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URL: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA086057
http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA086057
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| 82 |
Reasoning with Determinate and Indeterminate Linear Syllogisms.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1980)
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| 83 |
Claims, Counterclaims, and Components: A Countercritique of Componential Analysis.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1980)
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| 84 |
Interaction and Analogy in the Comprehension and Appreciation of Metaphors
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1980)
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| 86 |
Nothing Fails Like Success: The Search for an Intelligent Paradigm for Studying Intelligence.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1980)
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| 87 |
Properties of Cross-Entropy Minimization.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1980)
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| 88 |
Topicalization Effects in Memory for Technical Prose.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1980)
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| 89 |
People's Conceptions of Intelligence.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1980)
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| 90 |
Natural Language Processing Applied to Navy Tactical Messages.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1980)
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| 91 |
An Aptitude-Strategy Interaction in Linear Syllogistic Reasoning.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1979)
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| 92 |
Ability, Involvement and Climate as Multiple and Interactive Predictors of Performance.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1979)
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| 93 |
Minimum Cross-Entropy Spectral Analysis.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1979)
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| 94 |
Intelligence as an Information Processing Concept.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1979)
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| 95 |
Intelligence Tests in the Year 2000: What Forms Will They Take and What Purposes Will They Serve.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1979)
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| 96 |
The Role of Global Topics and Sentence Topics in the Construction of Passage Macrostructure.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1979)
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| 97 |
Initial Mention as a Cue to the Main Idea and the Main Item of a Technical Passage.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1979)
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| 98 |
The Foundations of Verbal Comprehension.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1978)
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| 100 |
Metaphor, Induction, and Social Policy: The Convergence of Macroscopic and Microscopic Views.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1978)
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