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All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year Sort by creator [A → Z]' creator [Z → A]' publishing year ↑ (asc)' publishing year ↓ (desc)' title [A → Z]' title [Z → A]' Simple Search Page: 1 2 Hits 1 – 20 of 24 1 Enhanced activations in syntax-related regions for multilinguals while acquiring a new language Umejima, Keita; Flynn, Suzanne; Sakai, Kuniyoshi L. In: Sci Rep (2021) BASE Show details 2 Merge-Generability as the Key Concept of Human Language: Evidence From Neuroscience Tanaka, Kyohei; Nakamura, Isso; Ohta, Shinri; Fukui, Naoki; Zushi, Mihoko; Narita, Hiroki; Sakai, Kuniyoshi L.. - : Frontiers Media S.A., 2019 Abstract: Ever since the inception of generative linguistics, various dependency patterns have been widely discussed in the literature, particularly as they pertain to the hierarchy based on “weak generation” – the so-called Chomsky Hierarchy. However, humans can make any possible dependency patterns by using artificial means on a sequence of symbols (e.g., computer programing). The differences between sentences in human language and general symbol sequences have been routinely observed, but the question as to why such differences exist has barely been raised. Here, we address this problem and propose a theoretical explanation in terms of a new concept of “Merge-generability,” that is, whether the structural basis for a given dependency is provided by the fundamental operation Merge. In our functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we tested the judgments of noun phrase (NP)-predicate (Pred) pairings in sentences of Japanese, an SOV language that allows natural, unbounded nesting configurations. We further introduced two pseudo-adverbs, which artificially force dependencies that do not conform to structures generated by Merge, i.e., non-Merge-generable; these adverbs enable us to manipulate Merge-generability (Natural or Artificial). By employing this novel paradigm, we obtained the following results. Firstly, the behavioral data clearly showed that an NP-Pred matching task became more demanding under the Artificial conditions than under the Natural conditions, reflecting cognitive loads that could be covaried with the increased number of words. Secondly, localized activation in the left frontal cortex, as well as in the left middle temporal gyrus and angular gyrus, was observed for the [Natural – Artificial] contrast, indicating specialization of these left regions in syntactic processing. Any activation due to task difficulty was completely excluded from activations in these regions, because the Natural conditions were always easier than the Artificial ones. And finally, the [Artificial – Natural] contrast resulted in the dorsal portion of the left frontal cortex, together with wide-spread regions required for general cognitive demands. These results indicate that Merge-generable sentences are processed in these specific regions in contrast to non-Merge-generable sentences, demonstrating that Merge is indeed a fundamental operation, which comes into play especially under the Natural conditions. Keyword: Psychology URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6895067/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31849777 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02673 BASE Hide details 3 Dissociating Effects of Scrambling and Topicalization within the Left Frontal and Temporal Language Areas: An fMRI Study in Kaqchikel Maya Ohta, Shinri; Koizumi, Masatoshi; Sakai, Kuniyoshi L.. - : Frontiers Media S.A., 2017 BASE Show details 4 Differential Signatures of Second Language Syntactic Performance and Age on the Structural Properties of the Left Dorsal Pathway Yamamoto, Kayako; Sakai, Kuniyoshi L.. - : Frontiers Media S.A., 2017 BASE Show details 5 Activation changes of the left inferior frontal gyrus for the factors of construction and scrambling in a sentence TANAKA, Kyohei; OHTA, Shinri; KINNO, Ryuta. - : The Japan Academy, 2017 BASE Show details 6 The Dorsal Rather than Ventral Pathway Better Reflects Individual Syntactic Abilities in Second Language Yamamoto, Kayako; Sakai, Kuniyoshi L.. - : Frontiers Media S.A., 2016 BASE Show details 7 Subliminal enhancement of predictive effects during syntactic processing in the left inferior frontal gyrus: an MEG study Iijima, Kazuki; Sakai, Kuniyoshi L.. - : Frontiers Media S.A., 2014 BASE Show details 8 Neural Mechanisms Underlying the Computation of Hierarchical Tree Structures in Mathematics Nakai, Tomoya; Sakai, Kuniyoshi L.. - : Public Library of Science, 2014 BASE Show details 9 Functional and anatomical correlates of word-, sentence-, and discourse-level integration in sign language Inubushi, Tomoo; Sakai, Kuniyoshi L.. - : Frontiers Media S.A., 2013 BASE Show details 10 Syntactic Computation in the Human Brain: The Degree of Merger as a Key Factor Ohta, Shinri; Fukui, Naoki; Sakai, Kuniyoshi L.. - : Public Library of Science, 2013 BASE Show details 11 Computational principles of syntax in the regions specialized for language: integrating theoretical linguistics and functional neuroimaging Ohta, Shinri; Fukui, Naoki; Sakai, Kuniyoshi L.. - : Frontiers Media S.A., 2013 BASE Show details 12 Left Inferior Frontal Activations Depending on the Canonicity Determined by the Argument Structures of Ditransitive Sentences: An MEG Study Inubushi, Tomoo; Iijima, Kazuki; Koizumi, Masatoshi. - : Public Library of Science, 2012 BASE Show details 13 Agrammatic comprehension caused by a glioma in the left frontal cortex Kawamura, Mitsuru; Sakai, Kuniyoshi L.; Maruyama, Takashi... In: Brain & language. - Orlando, Fla. [u.a.] : Elsevier 110 (2009) 2, 71-80 BLLDB OLC Linguistik Show details 14 Syntax in a native language still continues to develop in adults: honorification judgment in Japanese Sakai, Kuniyoshi L.; Sakai, Hiromu; Momo, Kanako In: Brain & language. - Orlando, Fla. [u.a.] : Elsevier 107 (2008) 1, 81-89 BLLDB OLC Linguistik Show details 15 Sign and speech: amodal commonality in left hemisphere dominance for comprehension of sentences Sakai, Kuniyoshi L.; Tatsuno, Yoshinori; Suzuki, Kei... In: Brain. - Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press 128 (2005) 6, 1407-1417 BLLDB Show details 16 Language acquisition and brain development Sakai, Kuniyoshi L. In: Science. - Washington, DC : AAAS, American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science 310 (2005) 5749, 815-819 BLLDB Show details 17 Sign and speech: amodal commonality in left hemisphere dominance for comprehension of sentences Sakai, Kuniyoshi L.; Tatsuno, Yoshinori; Suzuki, Kei. - : Oxford University Press, 2005 BASE Show details 18 Sign and speech: amodal commonality in left hemisphere dominance for comprehension of sentences Sakai, Kuniyoshi L.; Tatsuno, Yoshinori; Suzuki, Kei. - : Oxford University Press, 2005 BASE Show details 19 Language-Related Activations in the Left Prefrontal Regions Are Differentially Modulated by Age, Proficiency, and Task Demands Tatsuno, Yoshinori; Sakai, Kuniyoshi L.. - : Society for Neuroscience, 2005 BASE Show details 20 Correlated Functional Changes of the Prefrontal Cortex in Twins Induced by Classroom Education of Second Language Sakai, Kuniyoshi L.; Miura, Kunihiko; Narafu, Nobuko. - : Oxford University Press, 2004 BASE Show details Page: 1 2

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