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Emotionally Informed Hate Speech Detection: A Multi-target Perspective
In: ISSN: 1866-9956 ; EISSN: 1866-9964 ; Cognitive Computation ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03275549 ; Cognitive Computation, Springer, 2021, 13 (4), ⟨10.1007/s12559-021-09862-5⟩ ; https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12559-021-09862-5 (2021)
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Emotionally Informed Hate Speech Detection: A Multi-target Perspective
In: Cognit Comput (2021)
Abstract: Hate Speech and harassment are widespread in online communication, due to users' freedom and anonymity and the lack of regulation provided by social media platforms. Hate speech is topically focused (misogyny, sexism, racism, xenophobia, homophobia, etc.), and each specific manifestation of hate speech targets different vulnerable groups based on characteristics such as gender (misogyny, sexism), ethnicity, race, religion (xenophobia, racism, Islamophobia), sexual orientation (homophobia), and so on. Most automatic hate speech detection approaches cast the problem into a binary classification task without addressing either the topical focus or the target-oriented nature of hate speech. In this paper, we propose to tackle, for the first time, hate speech detection from a multi-target perspective. We leverage manually annotated datasets, to investigate the problem of transferring knowledge from different datasets with different topical focuses and targets. Our contribution is threefold: (1) we explore the ability of hate speech detection models to capture common properties from topic-generic datasets and transfer this knowledge to recognize specific manifestations of hate speech; (2) we experiment with the development of models to detect both topics (racism, xenophobia, sexism, misogyny) and hate speech targets, going beyond standard binary classification, to investigate how to detect hate speech at a finer level of granularity and how to transfer knowledge across different topics and targets; and (3) we study the impact of affective knowledge encoded in sentic computing resources (SenticNet, EmoSenticNet) and in semantically structured hate lexicons (HurtLex) in determining specific manifestations of hate speech. We experimented with different neural models including multitask approaches. Our study shows that: (1) training a model on a combination of several (training sets from several) topic-specific datasets is more effective than training a model on a topic-generic dataset; (2) the multi-task approach outperforms a single-task model when detecting both the hatefulness of a tweet and its topical focus in the context of a multi-label classification approach; and (3) the models incorporating EmoSenticNet emotions, the first level emotions of SenticNet, a blend of SenticNet and EmoSenticNet emotions or affective features based on Hurtlex, obtained the best results. Our results demonstrate that multi-target hate speech detection from existing datasets is feasible, which is a first step towards hate speech detection for a specific topic/target when dedicated annotated data are missing. Moreover, we prove that domain-independent affective knowledge, injected into our models, helps finer-grained hate speech detection.
Keyword: Article
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8236572/
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12559-021-09862-5
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3
Sentiment Analysis of Latin Poetry: First Experiments on the Odes of Horace
Sprugnoli, Rachele (orcid:0000-0001-6861-5595); Mambrini, Francesco (orcid:0000-0003-0834-7562); Passarotti, Marco (orcid:0000-0002-9806-7187). - : CEUR Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS.org), 2021. : country:ITA, 2021. : place:MILANO -- ITA, 2021
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4
Linking the Lewis & Short Dictionary to the LiLa Knowledge Base of Interoperable Linguistic Resources for Latin
Mambrini, Francesco (orcid:0000-0003-0834-7562); Litta, Eleonora (orcid:0000-0002-0499-997X); Passarotti, Marco (orcid:0000-0002-9806-7187). - : CEUR Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS.org), 2021. : country:ITA, 2021. : place:MILANO -- ITA, 2021
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5
Preface
Fersini, Elisabetta; Patti, Viviana; Passarotti, Marco (orcid:0000-0002-9806-7187). - : CEUR Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS.org), 2021. : country:ITA, 2021. : place:MILANO -- ITA, 2021
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Proceedings of the Eighth Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics (CLiC-it 2021). Milan, Italy, January 26-28, 2022
Patti, Viviana; Passarotti, Marco (orcid:0000-0002-9806-7187); Fersini, Elisabetta. - : CEUR Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS.org), 2021. : country:ITA, 2021. : place:MILANO -- ITA, 2021
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7
The Annotation of Liber Abbaci, a Domain-Specific Latin Resource
Cecchini, Flavio Massimiliano; Francesco, Grotto; Maria, Simi. - : CEUR Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS.org), 2021. : country:ITA, 2021. : place:MILANO -- ITA, 2021
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Categorizing Misogynistic Behaviours in Italian, English and Spanish Tweets ; Categorización de comportamientos misóginos en tweets en italiano, inglés y español
Lazzardi, Silvia; Patti, Viviana; Rosso, Paolo. - : Sociedad Española para el Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural, 2021
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9
Emotionally Informed Hate Speech Detection: A Multi-target Perspective
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10
Resources and benchmark corpora for hate speech detection: a systematic review [<Journal>]
Poletto, Fabio [Verfasser]; Basile, Valerio [Verfasser]; Sanguinetti, Manuela [Verfasser].
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11
Personal-ITY: A Novel YouTube-based Corpus for Personality Prediction in Italian ...
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Matching Theory and Data with Personal-ITY: What a Corpus of Italian YouTube Comments Reveals About Personality ...
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13
Modeling Annotator Perspective and Polarized Opinions to Improve Hate Speech Detection
In: Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Human Computation and Crowdsourcing; Vol 8 No 1 (2020): Proceedings of the Eighth AAAI Conference on Human Computation and Crowdsourcing; 151-154 (2020)
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14
Modeling Annotator Perspective and Polarized Opinions to Improve Hate Speech Detection
In: Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Human Computation and Crowdsourcing; Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020): Proceedings of the Eighth AAAI Conference on Human Computation and Crowdsourcing; 151-154 (2020)
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15
HurtBERT: Incorporating Lexical Features with BERT for the Detection of Abusive Language
Koufakou, Anna; Pamungkas, Endang Wahyu; Basile, Valerio. - : Association for Computational Linguistics, 2020. : country:USA, 2020. : place:209 N EIGHTH STREET, STROUDSBURG, PA 18360 USA, 2020
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EVALITA4ELG: Italian Benchmark Linguistic Resources, NLP Services and Tools for the ELG Platform
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Do Linguistic Features Help Deep Learning? The Case of Aggressiveness in Mexican Tweets
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“Contro L’Odio”: A Platform for Detecting, Monitoring and Visualizing Hate Speech against Immigrants in Italian Social Media
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19
Do Linguistic Features Help Deep Learning? The Case of Aggressiveness in Mexican Tweets
Frenda, Simona; Banerjee, Somnath; Rosso, Paolo. - : Instituto Politecnico Nacional/Centro de Investigacion en Computacion, 2020
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20
#Brexit: Leave or Remain? The Role of User's Community and Diachronic Evolution on Stance Detection
Lai, Mirko; Patti, Viviana; Ruffo, Giancarlo. - : IOS Press, 2020
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