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Berta Lasks 'Die Befreiung' (1926): Betrachtungen zum Verhältnis von Frausein und Revolution
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In: GENDER - Zeitschrift für Geschlecht, Kultur und Gesellschaft ; 13 ; 1 ; 124-137 (2021)
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Abstract:
Mit der 'Befreiung' präsentierte Berta Lask der Öffentlichkeit der Weimarer Republik ein Stück, das in der Tradition des revolutionären proletarischen Theaters die Massen, in diesem Falle Arbeiterinnen, zur aktiven politischen Teilnahme motivieren sollte. Anhand der Analyse der Figurenkonzeption und des formalen Aufbaus des Dramas soll gezeigt werden, wie das Verhältnis von Revolution und Geschlecht innerhalb dieser seltenen, auf weibliche Figuren zentrierten Handlung verhandelt wird. Zwar wird Frauen politische Teilhabe zugestanden bzw. diese auch in Form von Agitation gefordert, jedoch bleiben gewisse Handlungsräume - wie der Kampf an der Waffe - weiterhin problematisch für Frauen. Darüber hinaus werden die unterschiedlichen gesellschaftlichen Kontexte und Konfliktlinien in Verbindung mit der Voraussetzung revolutionären Erwachens diskutiert. Während nach einer gemeinsamen Identifikationsmöglichkeit aller Frauen über die politische Gesinnung gestrebt wird, bleiben gewisse Darstellungen doch zum einen in kulturchauvinistischen Traditionen verhaftet und zum anderen die weibliche Beteiligung immer als Nachahmung von bzw. Anschluss an männliche revolutionäre Aktivität markiert. ; Berta Lask's play 'Die Befreiung' (Liberation) presented the public with a dramatic piece in the revolutionary proletarian theatre tradition that was intended to motivate the masses - specifically working-class women - to take an active part in the revolution. The relationship between revolution and gender is illustrated by analyzing the characterization in the play and its form. The play focusses on female protagonists - which was quite rare back then. Although women are granted political participation, which is primarily expected to take the form of agitation, specific forms of action - like the armed struggle - are still almost impossible for them to access. The article also discusses the different social contexts and conflicts that shape the preconditions for revolution. It is argued that the play tries to provide women worldwide with the option of identifying as communists. But at the same time it still clings to images that are linked to alleged cultural superiority and portrays female participation only as imitation or subsequent to the revolutionary actions of men.
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Keyword:
1918-33); anthropology; Arbeiterschaft; Feminist Studies; Frau; Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung; gender; Gender Studies; Geschichte; Geschlecht; Historical Social Research; historische Sozialforschung; History; Linguistics; Linguistik; Literatur; Literature; Literaturwissenschaft; political participation; politische Partizipation; Revolution; rhetoric and criticism; Rhetorik; Russia; Russland; Science of Literature; Social History; Social sciences; sociology; Sozialgeschichte; Sozialwissenschaften; Soziologie; Sprachwissenschaft; Weimar Republic (Germany; Weimarer Republik; woman; Women's Studies; work force; working-class women
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URL: https://doi.org/10.3224/gender.v13i1.09
https://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/handle/document/72154
http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-72154-8
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