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A Less Simple View of Reading: The Role of Inhibition and Working Memory in the Decoding-Comprehension Relationship
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Neural mechanisms of response-preparation and inhibition in bilingual and monolingual children: Lateralized Readiness Potentials (LRPs) during a nonverbal Stroop task
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Cognitive and Neural Control in Bilingual Language Processing
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Abstract:
Bilingual individuals seem to easily speak in just one language, and switch back and forth between languages, suggesting they have powerful mechanisms for controlling activation of their two languages. A prominent theory suggests that cognitive control, and specifically inhibition of the non-target language, enables successful switching. We used behavioral and neuroimaging methods to study Spanish-English bilinguals to determine: 1) if college-aged bilinguals show an advantage in general task-switching ability relative to monolinguals given bilinguals’ extensive practice with language switching; 2) if cognitive control regions are recruited in bilingual language comprehension, and 3) if an aging deficit in inhibitory control affects older bilinguals’ (age 65+) ability to switch languages. In Study 1 (n = 80 per group; Stasenko et al., 2017) bilinguals exhibited more efficient task-switching, but only when participants had longer preparation time, and the advantage dissipated quickly. These findings suggest that although bilingualism improves the efficiency of task switching, this advantage might be more related to preparing to switch than to switching per se. In Study 2 (n = 24; Stasenko et al., 2020), bilinguals recruited fronto-parietal brain regions (i.e., right frontal inferior gyrus, bilateral middle frontal gyrus, and left supramarginal gyrus) when switching relative to not switching languages even in silent reading of mixed language paragraphs (without producing any switches in their speech). These results suggest that although reading comprehension seems to be passive, it recruits brain regions known to support cognitive control, possibly reflecting a modality-general switch mechanism. Study 3 (ns = 48 and 25; Stasenko et al., submitted) revealed a reversal of language dominance in mixed-language testing blocks, and a transfer of inhibition from a repeated set of items to a new set of items (that was introduced halfway through the task). Both effects were found only in younger but not in older bilinguals. Overall, these findings support the role of domain-general cognitive control and inhibition as an important mechanism in bilingual language control that spans across production and comprehension and exhibits decline in healthy aging.
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Keyword:
aging; bilngualism; cognitive control; Cognitive psychology; inhibition; Language; language control; language switching
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URL: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9941f6k8
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Cleaning up translation failures: how Ribosome-associated Quality Control maintains cellular proteostasis
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Bilinguals’ inhibitory control and attentional processes in a visual perceptual task
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Multimodal semantic revision during inferential processing: The role of inhibitory control in text and picture comprehension. ...
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Individual Learning Phenotypes Drive Collective Behavior
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In: Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications (2020)
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Dialect Variation, Multiple Measures of Inhibition, and Collective-Distributive Quantifier Interpretation
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Lexical and Cognitive Underpinnings of Verbal Fluency : Evidence from Bengali-English Bilingual Aphasia
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In: Behavioral Sciences ; 10 (2020), 10. - 155. - MDPI. - eISSN 2076-328X (2020)
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How different code-switching types modulate bilinguals' executive functions : A dual control mode perspective
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In: Bilingualism: Language and Cognition ; 23 (2020), 4. - S. 909-925. - Cambridge University Press. - ISSN 1366-7289. - eISSN 1469-1841 (2020)
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Performance difference in verbal fluency in bilingual and monolingual speakers
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In: Bilingualism : Language and Cognition ; 23 (2020), 1. - S. 204-218. - Cambridge University Press (CUP). - ISSN 1366-7289. - eISSN 1469-1841 (2020)
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Multimodal semantic revision during inferential processing: The role of inhibitory control in text and picture comprehension.
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Comparing Behavioral and Parent-Report Measures of Executive Functioning in Deaf and Typically Hearing Children
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In: Honors Scholar Theses (2020)
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Bilinguals' inhibitory control and attentional processes in a visual perceptual task
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Excitatory-Inhibitory Circuit Dysregulation During The Auditory Cortex Critical Period In The Fragile X Syndrome Mouse Model
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In: Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations (2020)
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