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1
Where the Action Could Be: Speakers Look at Graspable Objects and Meaningful Scene Regions when Describing Potential Actions
In: J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn (2020)
Abstract: The world is visually complex, yet we can efficiently describe it by extracting the information that is most relevant to convey. How do the properties of real-world scenes help us decide where to look and what to say? Image salience has been the dominant explanation for what drives visual attention and production as we describe displays, but new evidence shows scene meaning predicts attention better than image salience. Here we investigated the relevance of one aspect of meaning, graspability (the grasping interactions objects in the scene afford), given that affordances have been implicated in both visual and linguistic processing. We quantified image salience, meaning, and graspability for real-world scenes. In three eyetracking experiments, native English speakers described possible actions that could be carried out in a scene. We hypothesized that graspability would preferentially guide attention due to its task-relevance. In two experiments using stimuli from a previous study, meaning explained visual attention better than graspability or salience did, and graspability explained attention better than salience. In a third experiment we quantified image salience, meaning, graspability, and reach-weighted graspability for scenes that depicted reachable spaces containing graspable objects. Graspability and meaning explained attention equally well in the third experiment, and both explained attention better than salience. We conclude that speakers use object graspability to allocate attention to plan descriptions when scenes depict graspable objects within reach, and otherwise rely more on general meaning. The results shed light on what aspects of meaning guide attention during scene viewing in language production tasks.
Keyword: Article
URL: https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000837
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32271065
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7483632/
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2
Meaning Guides Attention during Real-World Scene Description.
In: Scientific reports, vol 8, iss 1 (2018)
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3
Meaning Guides Attention during Real-World Scene Description
Henderson, John M.; Hayes, Taylor R.; Rehrig, Gwendolyn. - : Nature Publishing Group UK, 2018
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4
Lexical predictability during natural reading: Effects of surprisal and entropy reduction ...
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5
Electrophysiological Evidence for Preserved Primacy of Lexical Prediction in Normative Aging ...
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6
Language structure in the brain: A fixation-related fMRI study of syntactic surprisal in reading.
Henderson, John M; Choi, Wonil; Lowder, Matthew W. - : eScholarship, University of California, 2016
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7
Eye movements in reading and information processing: Keith Rayner's 40 year legacy
BASE
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8
Representations of spatial location in language processing
Apel, Jens. - : The University of Edinburgh, 2010
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9
Scene perception for psycholinguistics
In: The interface of language, vision, and action (Hove, 2004), p. 1-58
MPI für Psycholinguistik
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10
The interface of language, vision, and action : eye movements and the visual world
Henderson, John M.; Ferreira, Fernanda. - Hove : Psychology Press, 2004
MPI für Psycholinguistik
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11
Book Reviews - Reading and language processing
In: Applied psycholinguistics. - Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press 19 (1998) 3, 516-518
OLC Linguistik
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12
Reading and Language Processing
In: The modern language journal. - Hoboken, NJ [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell 82 (1998) 2, 271
OLC Linguistik
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13
Syntactic reanalysis, thematic processing, and sentence comprehension
In: Reanalysis in sentence processing (Dordrecht, 1998), p. 73-100
MPI für Psycholinguistik
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14
Linearization Strategies During Language Production
In: Memory & cognition. - Heidelberg [u.a.] : Springer 26 (1998) 1, 88-96
OLC Linguistik
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15
Linearization strategies during language production
In: Memory & cognition. - Heidelberg [u.a.] : Springer 26 (1998) 1, 88-96
BLLDB
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16
Syntactic reanalysis, thematic processing, and sentence comprehension
In: Reanalysis in sentence processing. - Dordrecht [u.a.] : Kluwer Acad. Publ. (1998), 73-100
BLLDB
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17
Effects of lexical frequency and syntactic complexity in spoken-language comprehension : evidence from the auditory moving-window technique
In: Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition. - Washington, DC [u.a.] : Assoc. 22 (1996) 2, 324-335
BLLDB
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18
Reading and language processing
Singer, Murray (Hrsg.); Ferreira, Fernanda (Hrsg.); Henderson, John Michael (Hrsg.). - Mahwah, N.J. [u.a.] : Erlbaum, 1995
BLLDB
UB Frankfurt Linguistik
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19
Reading and language processing
Henderson, John M.; Singer, Murray; Ferreira, Fernanda. - Mahwah, NJ : Erlbaum, 1995
MPI für Psycholinguistik
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20
Eye movement control during reading fixation measures reflect foveal but not parafoveal processing difficulty
In: Reading and language processing (Mahwah, NJ, 1995), p. 73-93
MPI für Psycholinguistik
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