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Interprétons-nous de la même manière les expressions "deux pommes" et "deux pommes et demie" ?
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In: ISSN: 0082-6049 ; EISSN: 1782-1576 ; Travaux de Linguistique : Revue Internationale de Linguistique Française ; https://jeannicod.ccsd.cnrs.fr/ijn_01647165 ; Travaux de Linguistique : Revue Internationale de Linguistique Française, De Boeck Université, 2016, Déterminants et inférences, 72 (1), pp.107-119. ⟨10.3917/tl.072.0107⟩ ; https://www.cairn.info/revue-travaux-de-linguistique-2016-1-page-107.htm (2016)
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Counting and measuring – a reply to Liebesman
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In: https://jeannicod.ccsd.cnrs.fr/ijn_01433033 ; 2015 (2015)
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Abstract:
This is the final version of this unpublished work about counting in English.A related but different paper about counting in French has been later published in the journal Travaux de Linguistique, Vol 72 (2016). ; In a recent paper, Liebesman (2014) claims that we do not “count by identity”. Counting some objects by identity is giving the cardinality of the plurality that has these objects as members. Under this conception, some objects are two just in case these objects comprise one object distinct from another and no other object. Liebesman presents two arguments for his claim: the bagel argument and the liter argument. In my reply, I focus on the bagel argument, which is the most important. Liebesman first purports to show that in (1) Two and a half bagels are on the table, we do not count by identity. In particular he rejects possibilities like the following: the expression two and a half bagels would really be two bagels and a half bagel. He then argues that in (2) Exactly two bagels are on the table, we do not count by identity either. Taking a uniform semanticsto be preferable, he concludes that we never count by identity.As I explain in this paper, I agree that in some cases, we do not count directly and use some kind of measurement instead. But contra Liebesman, I argue that this is the exception rather than the rule. In normal cases, we just count (“by identity”). Moreover, I provide an explicit semantics of the relevant sentences. Finally, I argue that even when we measure, thisinvolves genuine counting.
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Keyword:
[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics; [SHS.PHIL]Humanities and Social Sciences/Philosophy; count noun; counting; mass noun; measuring; philosophy of language; semantics
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URL: https://jeannicod.ccsd.cnrs.fr/ijn_01433033
https://jeannicod.ccsd.cnrs.fr/ijn_01433033/document
https://jeannicod.ccsd.cnrs.fr/ijn_01433033/file/Nicolas-Reply-to-Liebesman-2015-12.pdf
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