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Multivariate genome-wide covariance analyses of literacy, language and working memory skills reveal distinct etiologies
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In: NPJ Sci Learn (2021)
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Polygenic scores and risk prediction for delay (Dale et al., 2020) ...
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Polygenic scores and risk prediction for delay (Dale et al., 2020) ...
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Does the Inclusion of a Genome-Wide Polygenic Score Improve Early Risk Prediction for Later Language and Literacy Delay?
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Does the Inclusion of a Genome-Wide Polygenic Score Improve Early Risk Prediction for Later Language and Literacy Delay?
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In: J Speech Lang Hear Res (2020)
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Disentangling polygenic associations between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, educational attainment, literacy and language
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Disentangling polygenic associations between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, educational attainment, literacy and language
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Abstract:
Interpreting polygenic overlap between ADHD and both literacy-related and language-related impairments is challenging as genetic associations might be influenced by indirectly shared genetic factors. Here, we investigate genetic overlap between polygenic ADHD risk and multiple literacy-related and/or language-related abilities (LRAs), as assessed in UK children (N ≤ 5919), accounting for genetically predictable educational attainment (EA). Genome-wide summary statistics on clinical ADHD and years of schooling were obtained from large consortia (N ≤ 326,041). Our findings show that ADHD-polygenic scores (ADHD-PGS) were inversely associated with LRAs in ALSPAC, most consistently with reading-related abilities, and explained ≤1.6% phenotypic variation. These polygenic links were then dissected into both ADHD effects shared with and independent of EA, using multivariable regressions (MVR). Conditional on EA, polygenic ADHD risk remained associated with multiple reading and/or spelling abilities, phonemic awareness and verbal intelligence, but not listening comprehension and non-word repetition. Using conservative ADHD-instruments (P-threshold < 5 × 10−8), this corresponded, for example, to a 0.35 SD decrease in pooled reading performance per log-odds in ADHD-liability (P = 9.2 × 10−5). Using subthreshold ADHD-instruments (P-threshold < 0.0015), these effects became smaller, with a 0.03 SD decrease per log-odds in ADHD risk (P = 1.4 × 10−6), although the predictive accuracy increased. However, polygenic ADHD-effects shared with EA were of equal strength and at least equal magnitude compared to those independent of EA, for all LRAs studied, and detectable using subthreshold instruments. Thus, ADHD-related polygenic links with LRAs are to a large extent due to shared genetic effects with EA, although there is evidence for an ADHD-specific association profile, independent of EA, that primarily involves literacy-related impairments.
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URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-018-0324-2 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6345874/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30679418
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Assessing receptive and expressive vocabulary in child language
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In: Research methods in psycholinguistics and the neurobiology of language (Hoboken, NJ, 2018), p. 40-67
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MPI für Psycholinguistik
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Grammar Clinical Marker Yields Substantial Heritability for Language Impairments in 16-Year-Old Twins
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The genetic architecture of oral language, reading fluency, and reading comprehension : A twin study from 7 to 16 years
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The Genetic Architecture of Oral Language, Reading Fluency, and Reading Comprehension: A Twin Study From 7 to 16 Years
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Language Differences at 12 Months in Infants Who Develop Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Why does parental language input style predict child language development? A twin study of gene–environment correlation
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Language impairment from 4 to 12 years : : prediction and etiology
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Common variation near ROBO2 is associated with expressive vocabulary in infancy
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Common variation near ROBO2 is associated with expressive vocabulary in infancy
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Genome-Wide Association Study of Receptive Language Ability of 12-Year-Olds
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The high heritability of educational achievement reflects many genetically influenced traits, not just intelligence
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Genome-wide association study of receptive language ability of 12-year-olds
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Common variation near ROBO2 is associated with expressive vocabulary in infancy
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