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Les débuts de la phraséologie et les premières « phraséologies historiques » italo-françaises
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 113, Iss 1 (2022) (2022)
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Formen und Funktionen des Konjunktivs II in historischen ostoberdeutschen Predigten.
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 114, Iss 2 (2022) (2022)
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Abstract:
This article presents a diachronic survey of forms and functions of the subjunctive II grammatical category in historical German. The subjunctive II is historically based on the subjunctive preterit form but has lost its temporal function and become a purely modal category. It has developed a variety of synthetic and analytical forms since Old High German, especially in vernacular varieties, but also in Standard German, and fulfils a range of functions, chiefly that of non-affirmativity. The present study aims to shed light on the historical development of the subjunctive II’s form and function. Its focus is on East Upper German, and its temporal scope spans over a millennium from the 9th to the 19th century. In order to study the usage and development of the subjunctive II in historical East Upper German sermons, the south-eastern part of SermonC, a diachronic corpus of historical German sermons, is analysed. While this (sub‑)corpus is restricted in terms of region and genre, it provides a unique window to written language usage, variation and change in a clearly defined domain over a very long time. The results show that the refunctionalization of the subjunctive preterit as a purely modal category does not date to prehistoric times, as is generally assumed; instead, they point to the 11th century as the likely time for this change, with limited temporal uses persisting into the 15th century. The 15th century is also the time when the synthetic subjunctive II form with -et/-at, a typical feature of Bavarian dialects, seems to have emerged in the spoken register. Analytical forms started to appear from the 13th century, and the periphrasis with würde, today accepted in Standard German, prevailed among several written German analytical variants in the 18th century. While Standard German has preserved the distinction between two subjunctive categories, East Upper German spoken language has in effect reduced a two-way morphological system (tense and mood) to a pure mood system, with tense expressed syntactically, in effect refunctionalizing morphological tense as a mood marker.
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Keyword:
Computational linguistics. Natural language processing; Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar; P101-410; P98-98.5
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URL: https://doi.org/10.13092/lo.114.8372
https://doaj.org/article/22ab765c21a943039e574b1bc94aa74c
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| 3 |
Zur Sprachdynamik des Konjunktivs im Bairischen in Österreich
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 114, Iss 2 (2022) (2022)
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Die Konjunktiv-II-Bildung im Kontext von Partikelverben in den Basisdialekten Salzburgs
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 114, Iss 2 (2022) (2022)
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Informationen zu den Beitragenden/Information about the authors
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 113, Iss 1 (2022) (2022)
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A Coordenação na Gramática Discursivo-Funcional
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 113, Iss 1 (2022) (2022)
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Der Konjunktiv II in den ruralen Basisdialekten Österreichs.
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 114, Iss 2 (2022) (2022)
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Konjunktiv II-Variation im urbanen Sprachgebrauch in Österreich
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 114, Iss 2 (2022) (2022)
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Der Konjunktiv II in Salzburger Varietäten: Grammatik, Gebrauch, soziale Faktoren
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 114, Iss 2 (2022) (2022)
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| 10 |
Informationen zu den Beitragenden/Information about the authors
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 115, Iss 3 (2022) (2022)
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„Frische Brot, lecker Brot, taze Brot“ – Eigene Muster in der Adjektivverwendung auf einem mehrsprachigen Wochenmarkt
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 115, Iss 3 (2022) (2022)
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Ein Modell zur systematischen Erfassung genuenischer Phraseme in Wörterbüchern, illustriert am Beispiel der Forschungsprojekte GEPHRAS und GEPHRAS2
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 115, Iss 3 (2022) (2022)
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The development of the Old High German umlauted vowels and the reflex of New High German /ɛ:/ in Present Standard German
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 113, Iss 1 (2022) (2022)
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Informationen zu den Beitragenden/Information about the authors
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 114, Iss 2 (2022) (2022)
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Examining graphemic and lexical anglicisms in Twi for academic purposes in textbooks written in Twi
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 113, Iss 1 (2022) (2022)
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Formulaic Expressions for Foreign Language Learning and Teaching
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 113, Iss 1 (2022) (2022)
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The Chinese Messaging Application WeChat as Used by German Speakers in China
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 113, Iss 1 (2022) (2022)
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Geschlechtsübergreifende Personenbezeichnungen in wissenschaftlichen Zeitschriftenartikeln
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 113, Iss 1 (2022) (2022)
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Agent Demotion in German and Polish
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 115, Iss 3 (2022) (2022)
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Informationen zu den Beitragenden/Information about the authors
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In: Linguistik Online, Vol 113, Iss 1 (2022) (2022)
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