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Age-related differences in the neural bases of phonological and semantic processes in the context of task-irrelevant information.
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Age-related differences in the neural bases of phonological and semantic processes.
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Abstract:
Changes in language functions during normal aging are greater for phonological compared with semantic processes. To investigate the behavioral and neural basis for these age-related differences, we used fMRI to examine younger and older adults who made semantic and phonological decisions about pictures. The behavioral performance of older adults was less accurate and less efficient than younger adults' in the phonological task but did not differ in the semantic task. In the fMRI analyses, the semantic task activated left-hemisphere language regions, and the phonological task activated bilateral cingulate and ventral precuneus. Age-related effects were widespread throughout the brain and most often expressed as greater activation for older adults. Activation was greater for younger compared with older adults in ventral brain regions involved in visual and object processing. Although there was not a significant Age × Condition interaction in the whole-brain fMRI results, correlations examining the relationship between behavior and fMRI activation were stronger for younger compared with older adults. Our results suggest that the relationship between behavior and neural activation declines with age, and this may underlie some of the observed declines in performance.
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Keyword:
Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aging; Analysis of Variance; Brain; Brain Mapping; Computer-Assisted; Cues; Female; Humans; Image Processing; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Oxygen; Perception; Phonetics; Reaction Time; Semantics; Young Adult
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URL: https://hdl.handle.net/10161/22537
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Age-related differences in resolving semantic and phonological competition during receptive language tasks.
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Lexical Frequency Affects Functional Activation and Accuracy in Picture Naming among Older and Younger Adults
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In: Psychol Aging (2020)
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Neural sensitivity to phonological characteristics is stable across the lifespan
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In: Neuroimage (2020)
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Investigating the effects of phonological neighbours on word retrieval and phonetic variation in word naming and picture naming paradigms ...
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Investigating the effects of phonological neighbours on word retrieval and phonetic variation in word naming and picture naming paradigms ...
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White Matter Disconnection is Related to Age-Related Phonological Deficits
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In: Brain Imaging Behav (2019)
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Investigating the effects of phonological neighbors on word retrieval and phonetic variation in word naming and picture naming paradigms
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In: Lang Cogn Neurosci (2019)
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Task difficulty modulates brain-behavior correlations in language production and cognitive control: Behavioral and fMRI evidence from a phonological Go No-Go picture naming paradigm
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Task difficulty modulates age-related differences in the behavioral and neural bases of language production
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Changes in White-Matter Connectivity in Late Second Language Learners: Evidence from Diffusion Tensor Imaging.
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In: Frontiers in psychology, vol 8, iss NOV (2017)
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Changes in White-Matter Connectivity in Late Second Language Learners: Evidence from Diffusion Tensor Imaging
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Age-related differences in resolving semantic and phonological competition during receptive language tasks
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Written distractor words influence brain activity during overt picture naming
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Age-related differences in the neural bases of phonological and semantic processes
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Electrophysiological differentiation of phonological and semantic integration in word and sentence contexts
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