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What Is the Influence of Morphological Knowledge in the Early Stages of Reading Acquisition Among Low SES Children? A Graphical Modeling Approach
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Abstract:
Children from low-SES families are known to show delays in aspects of language development which underpin reading acquisition such as vocabulary and listening comprehension. Research on the development of morphological skills in this group is scarce, and no studies exist in French. The present study investigated the involvement of morphological knowledge in the very early stages of reading acquisition (decoding), before reading comprehension can be reliably assessed. We assessed listening comprehension, receptive vocabulary, phoneme awareness, morphological awareness as well as decoding, word reading and non-verbal IQ in 703 French first-graders from low-SES families after 3 months of formal schooling (November). Awareness of derivational morphology was assessed using three oral tasks: Relationship Judgment (e.g., do these words belong to the same family or not? heat-heater … ham-hammer); Lexical Sentence Completion [e.g., Someone who runs is a …? (runner)]; and Non-lexical Sentence Completion [e.g., Someone who lums is a…? (lummer)]. The tasks differ on implicit/explicit demands and also tap different kinds of morphological knowledge. The Judgement task measures the phonological and semantic properties of the morphological relationship and the Sentence Completion tasks measure knowledge of morphological production rules. Data were processed using a graphical modeling approach which offers key information about how skills known to be involved in learning to read are organized in memory. This modeling approach was therefore useful in revealing a potential network which expresses the conditional dependence structure between skills, after which recursive structural equation modeling was applied to test specific hypotheses. Six main conclusions can be drawn from these analyses about low SES reading acquisition: (1) listening comprehension is at the heart of the reading acquisition process; (2) word reading depends directly on phonemic awareness and indirectly on listening comprehension; (3) decoding depends on word reading; (4) Morphological awareness and vocabulary have an indirect influence on word reading via both listening comprehension and phoneme awareness; (5) the components of morphological awareness assessed by our tasks have independent relationships with listening comprehension; and (6) neither phonemic nor morphological awareness influence vocabulary directly. The implications of these results with regard to early reading acquisition among low SES groups are discussed.
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Keyword:
Psychology
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URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00547 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5917267/
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Manulex-MorphO, une base de données sur l’orthographe du français intégrant les morpho-phonogrammes
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In: Langue française, N 199, 3, 2018-08-29, pp.99-109 (2018)
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Introduction
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In: Langue française, N 199, 3, 2018-08-29, pp.5-16 (2018)
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Apprendre à lire-écrire en français
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In: Langue française, N 199, 3, 2018-08-29, pp.51-67 (2018)
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GraphoGame : un outil numérique pour enfants en difficultés d’apprentissage de la lecture
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In: ISSN: 0999-792X ; EISSN: 0999-792X ; ANAE - Approche Neuropsychologique des Apprentissages Chez L'enfant ; https://hal-amu.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01909660 ; ANAE - Approche Neuropsychologique des Apprentissages Chez L'enfant, ANAE/PLEIOMEDIA, 2017 (2017)
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Differences in the Predictors of Reading Comprehension in First Graders from Low Socio-Economic Status Families with Either Good or Poor Decoding Skills
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In: ISSN: 1932-6203 ; EISSN: 1932-6203 ; PLoS ONE ; https://hal-amu.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01217794 ; PLoS ONE, Public Library of Science, 2015, 10 (e0119581), ⟨10.1371/journal.pone.0119581⟩ (2015)
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Review of neural rehabilitation programs for dyslexia: how can an allophonic system be changed into a phonemic one?
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In: ISSN: 1664-1078 ; Frontiers in Psychology ; https://hal-amu.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01219663 ; Frontiers in Psychology, Frontiers, 2015, 6 (190), ⟨10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00190⟩ (2015)
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Reading impairment: from behavior to brain
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In: Handbook of Communication Disorders ; https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01823706 ; R. Bahr and E. Silliman. Handbook of Communication Disorders , Routledge, pp.34-45, 2015 (2015)
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Neural rehabilitation of dyslexia: How can an allophonic system be changed into a phonemic one ?
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In: EISSN: 1664-1078 ; Frontiers in Psychology ; https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01823633 ; Frontiers in Psychology, Frontiers, 2015 (2015)
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Differences in the Predictors of Reading Comprehension in First Graders from Low Socio-Economic Status Families with Either Good or Poor Decoding Skills
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Review of neural rehabilitation programs for dyslexia: how can an allophonic system be changed into a phonemic one?
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Reading Comprehension in a Large Cohort of French First Graders from Low Socio-Economic Status Families: A 7-Month Longitudinal Study
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In: ISSN: 1932-6203 ; EISSN: 1932-6203 ; PLoS ONE ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00906680 ; PLoS ONE, Public Library of Science, 2013, 8 (11), pp.e78608. ⟨10.1371/journal.pone.0078608⟩ (2013)
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Early predictors of future reading skills: A follow-up of French-speaking children from the beginning of kindergarten to the end of the second grade (age 5 to 8)
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In: ISSN: 0003-5033 ; EISSN: 1955-2580 ; Annee Psychologique ; https://hal.inria.fr/hal-00925411 ; Annee Psychologique, Centre Henri Pieron/Armand Colin, 2013, 113 (4), pp.491-521. ⟨10.4074/S0003503313014012⟩ (2013)
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The contribution of morphology to the consistency of spelling-to-sound relations: A quantitative analysis based on French elementary school readers
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In: ISSN: 0003-5033 ; EISSN: 1955-2580 ; Annee Psychologique ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00965262 ; Annee Psychologique, Centre Henri Pieron/Armand Colin, 2013, 113 (1), pp.3-33 (2013)
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Stem and derivational-suffix processing during reading by French second and third graders
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In: ISSN: 0142-7164 ; EISSN: 1469-1817 ; Applied Psycholinguistics ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01440371 ; Applied Psycholinguistics, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2012, 33 (1), pp.97-120. ⟨10.1017/S0142716411000282⟩ (2012)
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Prevalence and reliability of phonological, surface, and mixed profiles in dyslexia: A review of studies conducted in languages varying in orthographic depth
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In: Scientific Study of Reading ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00733553 ; Scientific Study of Reading, 2011, 15 (6), pp.498-521 (2011)
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EVALEC, Batterie informatisée d'évaluation diagnostique des troubles spécifiques d'apprentissage de la lecture.
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In: https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00545950 ; 2010 (2010)
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Reading in French-speaking adults with dyslexia.
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In: ISSN: 0736-9387 ; EISSN: 1934-7243 ; Annals of Dyslexia ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00733530 ; Annals of Dyslexia, Springer Verlag, 2010, 60 (2), pp.238-64. ⟨10.1007/s11881-010-0043-8⟩ (2010)
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Reliability and prevalence of an atypical development of phonological skills in French-speaking dyslexics
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In: ISSN: 0922-4777 ; EISSN: 1573-0905 ; Reading and Writing ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00733554 ; Reading and Writing, Springer Verlag, 2009, 22 (7), pp.811-842. ⟨10.1007/s11145-008-9117-y⟩ (2009)
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Stabilité dans le temps des déficits en et hors lecture chez des adolescents dyslexiques (données longitudinales)
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In: ISSN: 0999-792X ; EISSN: 0999-792X ; ANAE - Approche Neuropsychologique des Apprentissages Chez L'enfant ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00734839 ; ANAE - Approche Neuropsychologique des Apprentissages Chez L'enfant, ANAE/PLEIOMEDIA, 2009, 21 (103), pp.243-253 (2009)
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